干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Searching for the Right Color Palette: Source of Pigments of the Holocene Wadi Sura Paintings, Gilf Kebir, Western Desert (Egypt)

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DOI	10.1007/s10437-020-09422-6
	Searching for the Right Color Palette: Source of Pigments of the Holocene Wadi Sura Paintings, Gilf Kebir, Western Desert (Egypt)
	Hamdan, Mohamed A.; Lucarini, Giulio; Tomassetti, Maria Cristina; Mutri, Giuseppina; Salama, Walid; Hassan, Safiya M.; Barich, Barbara E.
通讯作者	Barich, BE (corresponding author), Sapienza Univ Rome Fdn, Rome, Italy.
来源期刊	AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW
ISSN	0263-0338
EISSN	1572-9842
出版年	2021
卷号	38 期号:1 页码:25-47
英文摘要	In this article, we discuss the geological, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of the proposed sources of pigments used in the Wadi Sura rock art, southwestern Egypt. Colors used in the paintings include white, yellow, and several reddish hues ranging from pale red to dark reddish brown, rare black, and greenish hues. The results of Raman spectroscopy and pXRF techniques on both raw coloring materials and archaeological pigments show that the ancient artists made extensive use of inorganic clay-based pigment (e.g., kaolinite) associated with anhydrite and gypsum. White raw coloring materials were recorded in the field as thin laminated beds and lenses within the Silurian sandstone bedrock and are also present in paleosol layers and reworked fragments mixed with ocher. Raw materials for red and yellow colors are represented by clay-based mixtures of aluminosilicate with iron oxide, hematite, goethite or magnetite, and gypsum. The amorphous carbon and romanechite, as well as goethite and magnetite, could have been the components of the dark brownish pigments widely used in the rock art of the study area. Surprisingly, lazurite was also recognized among the raw materials, although this blue pigment does not seem to have been used in the Wadi Sura rock art panels (however, bluish and greenish traces as violet reddish hues, along with bluish-greenish yellow colors, are reported in the paintings). Lazurite is not well known in the geology of Egypt and has been detected in this study for the first time. The results of our work indicate that access to the Silurian sandstones, mainly located on the northwestern slope of the plateau, may have been one of the factors for choosing this area of the Gilf Kebir for producing rock art images.
英文关键词	Wadi Sura Gilf Kebir Rock art Pigments pXRF Raman spectroscopy
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SSCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000613585700001
WOS类目	Anthropology ; Archaeology
WOS研究方向	Anthropology ; Archaeology
来源机构	Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/349307
作者单位	[Hamdan, Mohamed A.] Cairo Univ, Geol Dept, Cairo, Egypt; [Lucarini, Giulio] Natl Res Council Italy CNR, Inst Heritage Sci ISPC, Rome, Italy; [Lucarini, Giulio] Univ Naples LOrientale, Dept Asian African & Mediterranean Studies, Naples, Italy; [Lucarini, Giulio] Univ Cambridge, McDonald Inst Archaeol Res, Cambridge, England; [Lucarini, Giulio; Mutri, Giuseppina; Barich, Barbara E.] Int Assoc Mediterranean & Oriental Studies ISMEO, Rome, Italy; [Tomassetti, Maria Cristina] Galleria Nazl Umbria, Perugia, Italy; [Mutri, Giuseppina] Cyprus Inst, Nicosia, Cyprus; [Salama, Walid] CSIRO Mineral Resources, Kensington, NSW, Australia; [Hassan, Safiya M.] Beni Suef Univ, Fac Sci, Geol Dept, Bani Suwayf, Egypt; [Barich, Barbara E.] Sapienza Univ Rome Fdn, Rome, Italy
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hamdan, Mohamed A.,Lucarini, Giulio,Tomassetti, Maria Cristina,et al. Searching for the Right Color Palette: Source of Pigments of the Holocene Wadi Sura Paintings, Gilf Kebir, Western Desert (Egypt)[J]. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation,2021,38(1):25-47.
APA	Hamdan, Mohamed A..,Lucarini, Giulio.,Tomassetti, Maria Cristina.,Mutri, Giuseppina.,Salama, Walid.,...&Barich, Barbara E..(2021).Searching for the Right Color Palette: Source of Pigments of the Holocene Wadi Sura Paintings, Gilf Kebir, Western Desert (Egypt).AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW,38(1),25-47.
MLA	Hamdan, Mohamed A.,et al."Searching for the Right Color Palette: Source of Pigments of the Holocene Wadi Sura Paintings, Gilf Kebir, Western Desert (Egypt)".AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW 38.1(2021):25-47.