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DOI	10.3390/w13010001
	Defining Sustainability in an Input-Output Model: An Application to Spanish Water Use
	Camara, Angeles; Llop, Maria
通讯作者	Llop, M (corresponding author), Univ Rovira & Virgili, Dept Econ, Avinguda Univ 1, Reus 43204, Spain. ; Llop, M (corresponding author), ECO SOS, Avinguda Univ 1, Reus 43204, Spain.
来源期刊	WATER
EISSN	2073-4441
出版年	2021
卷号	13 期号:1
英文摘要	The continuous increase in freshwater consumption threatens water availability worldwide, especially in dry and arid regions. In this paper, we evaluate the sustainability of water use in Spain, a Mediterranean country that suffers from a permanent imbalance between water availability and water use. Our method, based on the input-output (IO) model, calculates the total water requirements of the Spanish production system. According to input-output assumptions, however, factors (i.e., labor and capital) and resources (such as natural goods or human capital) are not fully employed (not completely used), and therefore any expansion in demand is thought to always be automatically covered by production activities. This assumption seems unrealistic in water-scarce regions since it implies the following: (i) water resources are not quantitatively limited, and (ii) demand inflows can be fully produced and completely covered by the corresponding water requirements (i.e., the IO model assumes that water is always underused). To address this weakness in input-output water applications, we present a method that combines input-output analysis and sustainability criteria by incorporating physical environmental measurements that take into account thresholds in water usage. In particular, the Water Exploitation Index (WEI) evaluates whether water availability is sufficient to satisfy changes in demand in a sustainable or unsustainable way. Application of this index to Spanish water usage shows that services and manufacturing are linked to an unsustainable use of water.
英文关键词	environmental input-output analysis water exploitation index sustainable water use
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E ; SSCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000606419100001
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Water Resources
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/348264
作者单位	[Camara, Angeles] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Fac Ciencias Jurid & Sociales, Paseo Artilleros S-N, Madrid 28032, Spain; [Llop, Maria] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Dept Econ, Avinguda Univ 1, Reus 43204, Spain; [Llop, Maria] ECO SOS, Avinguda Univ 1, Reus 43204, Spain
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Camara, Angeles,Llop, Maria. Defining Sustainability in an Input-Output Model: An Application to Spanish Water Use[J],2021,13(1).
APA	Camara, Angeles,&Llop, Maria.(2021).Defining Sustainability in an Input-Output Model: An Application to Spanish Water Use.WATER,13(1).
MLA	Camara, Angeles,et al."Defining Sustainability in an Input-Output Model: An Application to Spanish Water Use".WATER 13.1(2021).