干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Short-term impacts to the soil microbial population during grassland conversion to cropland

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.still.2020.104839
	Short-term impacts to the soil microbial population during grassland conversion to cropland
	Graham, Christopher; Ramos-Pezzotti, Marina; Lehman, Michael
通讯作者	Graham, C (corresponding author), South Dakota State Univ, Dept Agron Hort & Plant Sci, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
来源期刊	SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
ISSN	0167-1987
EISSN	1879-3444
出版年	2021
卷号	206
英文摘要	Land use conversion from grassland to cropland places unique constraints on ecosystem services and sustain ability across the United States. In the northern Great Plains, this process is acute with marginal lands continuously cycling in and out of production. As this trend continues, it remains unclear what the short-term impacts of intermittent cropping are to soil biological properties. This study examines the short-term response of soil microbial biomass and activity during grassland conversion to cropland using conventional tillage (CT) and no till (NT) practices in comparison to a grassland control. Long-term grassland was converted to cropland for three consecutive years. Following crop harvest, soil samples were gathered to measure the 'first-year' impacts to microbial biomass and enzyme activity (beta-glucosidase [BG], beta-glucosaminidase [BGA] and phosphomonoesterase [PHOS]). Conversion of grassland to small grain production did not produce a statistically significant trend for total microbial biomass or bacterial biomass. However, there were strong environmental effects due to yearly fluctuations in precipitation on total microbial biomass, total bacterial biomass and total fungal biomass. The effect of land conversion via CT on fungal biomass was strong and resulted in decreased fungal to bacterial biomass ratios. CT significantly decreased fungal populations over both the grassland and NT by 29 %. All three enzyme activities in the top 7.5 cm were significantly reduced by land conversion via CT during the study year with the highest precipitation. On average, BG and BGA activity in the CT plots were approximately 20 % lower than either the grassland or NT plots. Phosphomonoesterase activity under CT was significantly decreased by 28 % and 18 % compared to grassland and NT, respectively. In the 7.5-15 cm depth interval, BG and BGA activities in the grassland control and NT plots showed vertical stratification, with the CT plots having the highest BG and BGA activities with higher precipitation. There was no effect of land conversion on PHOS activity at the 7.5-15 cm depth. Significant declines in soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity may occur in the first year of grassland conversion to cropland, particularly with tillage, implying reduced C and nutrient cycling potentials. These effects were the strongest for fungal biomass and occurred under conditions of higher precipitation in the semi-arid study site.
英文关键词	Grassland conversion Microbial biomass No-till
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000596194200002
WOS关键词	COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES ; WHEAT-FALLOW ; TILLAGE ; CARBON ; RESPONSES ; STORAGE ; FERTILIZATION ; BIOMASS ; RATIOS
WOS类目	Soil Science
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/348212
作者单位	[Graham, Christopher; Ramos-Pezzotti, Marina] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Agron Hort & Plant Sci, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA; [Lehman, Michael] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Graham, Christopher,Ramos-Pezzotti, Marina,Lehman, Michael. Short-term impacts to the soil microbial population during grassland conversion to cropland[J],2021,206.
APA	Graham, Christopher,Ramos-Pezzotti, Marina,&Lehman, Michael.(2021).Short-term impacts to the soil microbial population during grassland conversion to cropland.SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH,206.
MLA	Graham, Christopher,et al."Short-term impacts to the soil microbial population during grassland conversion to cropland".SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH 206(2021).