干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Real-world sustainability analysis of an innovative decentralized water system with rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111639
	Real-world sustainability analysis of an innovative decentralized water system with rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation
	Zang, Jian; Kumar, Manish; Werner, David
通讯作者	Werner, D (corresponding author), Newcastle Univ, Sch Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England.
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
ISSN	0301-4797
EISSN	1095-8630
出版年	2021
卷号	280
英文摘要	This study investigated an innovative decentralized water system which combined rainwater harvesting with wastewater reclamation to generate 39% of the water resources needed for a higher education institution with student and staff accommodation in India. We collected performance data to critically appraise the current water system, design alternatives and water management optimization opportunities. The campus was recently built in a hot, semi-arid region of India with a summer, monsoon and winter season. It represented in a microcosm the vision of leading Indian engineers for a more sustainable urban systems future. We collated the water infrastructure costs, blue and recycled water demands, chemical demands, electricity demands and operational costs over a calendar year. The annual institutional water demand was 379,768 m(3), of which 32% was sourced from reclaimed wastewater, and 7% from roof-collected rainwater. Electricity consumption was 0.40 kWh/m(3) for drinking water treatment, and 0.62 kWh/m(3) for wastewater treatment, in line with median values reported for centralized systems. Rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation accounted for 42% of the water infrastructure costs, with a predicted payback period of >250 years through reduced operational costs. Scenario analysis recommended a water system design alternative with wastewater reclamation for ground maintenance only, which was predicted to yield similar environmental benefits, with an infrastructure cost payback period of only 15 years. Scenario analysis also revealed how better water management to address leakage, and more drought-tolerant landscaping, could improve environmental metrics of the current system by up to 52% and reduce operational costs by up to 23%. Reducing high domestic water usage was found to be essential to secure gains achieved with water infrastructure innovations. Rainwater harvesting had high infrastructure costs, and water policy in low- and middle-income countries should instead support wastewater reclamation and best practice in water management.
英文关键词	Water security Rainwater harvesting Wastewater reclamation Zero discharge Water reuse Water-energy nexus
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	Green Published, hybrid
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000613573900009
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/348004
作者单位	[Zang, Jian; Werner, David] Newcastle Univ, Sch Engn, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England; [Kumar, Manish] Indian Inst Technol, Discipline Earth Sci, Gandhinagar, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zang, Jian,Kumar, Manish,Werner, David. Real-world sustainability analysis of an innovative decentralized water system with rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation[J],2021,280.
APA	Zang, Jian,Kumar, Manish,&Werner, David.(2021).Real-world sustainability analysis of an innovative decentralized water system with rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation.JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,280.
MLA	Zang, Jian,et al."Real-world sustainability analysis of an innovative decentralized water system with rainwater harvesting and wastewater reclamation".JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 280(2021).