干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Death time estimation of water heritages in Gonabad Plain, Iran

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s12665-021-09424-w
	Death time estimation of water heritages in Gonabad Plain, Iran
	Moghadam, Hojat Mirani; Karami, Gholam Hossein; Bagheri, Rahim; Barati, Reza
通讯作者	Karami, GH (corresponding author), Shahrood Univ Technol, Fac Earth Sci, Shahrood, Iran.
来源期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
ISSN	1866-6280
EISSN	1866-6299
出版年	2021
卷号	80 期号:4
英文摘要	A Qanat is a hydraulic structure for the extraction of the groundwater using only gravity force without need to apply external force through pumping. The deepest and oldest Qanats in the world are located in the Gonabad Plain in the Razavi Khorasan Province, east of Iran. Qanats have been the most important approach for groundwater extraction and survive in arid region such as the study area for thousands of years, but they are disappearing because of climate and human factors. In the present research, descending trends of flow rate of four historical Qanats (i.e., Rahn, Baidokht, Kheshuie and Qasabeh) of the Gonabad Plain have been studied and analyzed using discharge values of the Qanats over the last 33 years. Effective factors on discharge values of these Qanats have also been discussed. The analysis indicated that the amount of precipitation in the study area and its mountains has decreased significantly since 2000. Moreover, because of drinking demand and traditional agriculture consumptions, the amount of annual groundwater extraction through deep wells has increased since 1960 and its amount reached 12 million cubic meters. As the groundwater drawdown increases, the water-bearing zone of the Qanats will decrease and the Qanats will dry gradually. The annual groundwater level drawdown in the Gonabad Plain is 0.1 m per year. The discharges of the different Qanats in the Gonabad Plain have been dropped from 38 to 9 L/s during the last 33 years. The results indicated that the discharge reduction of the Qanats is 4-14 L/s due to one meter groundwater level drawdown. As the groundwater drawdown continues with the current rate in the Gonabad Plain, these valuable water heritages will perish over 9-157 next years for the aforementioned Qanats. To prevent the destruction of the Qanats, it is suggested to reduce 7.2 MCM of groundwater extracted through wells by optimal use of water and prevent the development of agriculture and industries that need water in the Gonabad Plain.
英文关键词	Qanat Karez Hydrograph Groundwater drawdown Death point
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000617254000002
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Geology ; Water Resources
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/347849
作者单位	[Moghadam, Hojat Mirani; Karami, Gholam Hossein; Bagheri, Rahim] Shahrood Univ Technol, Fac Earth Sci, Shahrood, Iran; [Barati, Reza] Khorasan Razavi Water Author, Appl Res Grp, Water Author, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Moghadam, Hojat Mirani,Karami, Gholam Hossein,Bagheri, Rahim,et al. Death time estimation of water heritages in Gonabad Plain, Iran[J],2021,80(4).
APA	Moghadam, Hojat Mirani,Karami, Gholam Hossein,Bagheri, Rahim,&Barati, Reza.(2021).Death time estimation of water heritages in Gonabad Plain, Iran.ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES,80(4).
MLA	Moghadam, Hojat Mirani,et al."Death time estimation of water heritages in Gonabad Plain, Iran".ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES 80.4(2021).