干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): An index-based approach to assess groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation in Asir region of Saudi Arabia

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s12517-021-06506-8
	An index-based approach to assess groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation in Asir region of Saudi Arabia
	Mallick, Javed; Kumar, Anand; Almesfer, Mohammed K.; Alsubih, Majed; Singh, Chander Kumar; Ahmed, Mohd.; Khan, Roohul Abad
通讯作者	Mallick, J (corresponding author), King Khalid Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn, POB 394, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia.
来源期刊	ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES
ISSN	1866-7511
EISSN	1866-7538
出版年	2021
卷号	14 期号:3
英文摘要	The arid and the semiarid regions around the world mostly rely on groundwater to meet the domestic and other demands, due to absence of surface waterbodies and very inconsistent rainfall. With increasing pollution and extreme climatic influence, the quality assurance of groundwater becomes much important to determine its suitability for domestic needs and agriculture. A random sampling of 62 groundwater samples was conducted in the study region. The groundwater samples were analysed in the laboratory for all the major physico-chemical parameters. The pH of all except 4 samples was found >7 suggesting dominance of alkaline environment. Results suggest that the major ion chemistry is greatly influenced by the extreme arid climatic condition; however, ion exchange and reverse ion exchange along with dissolution of carbonate minerals govern the major ion chemistry in groundwater. High nitrate (NO3) exceeding the WHO guideline of 50 mg/L is a major public health concern along with high alkalinity and electrical conductivity (EC). Water quality index (WQI) was estimated based on the variables analysed in the lab to determine its appropriateness for drinking. The irrigation suitability of groundwater was estimated based on several indices such as sodium percentage (Na%), permeability index (PI), residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), magnesium hazard (MH), Kelly's ratio (KR), and magnesium absorption ratio (MAR). WQI values of 62.9% of groundwater samples indicate good quality of water followed by 25.8% in poor range of water quality and 6.4% and 4.8% of samples are respectively under excellent and very poor water classes. The irrigation indices, i.e. Na%, RSBC, MH, KR, and MAR, are found within the suitable range; however, 53.3% of the samples has PI values <25% indicating that water is not suitable and it might increase the permeability of soil which leads to accumulation of ions in soil resulting in low productivity. USSL diagram suggests that 17.7% of the samples falls under C2S1 (medium salinity-low sodium hazard), 72% of the water samples falls under C3S1 (high salinity-low sodium hazard), and 10% of the samples falls under C4S1 zone (very high salinity-low sodium hazard), suggesting good, moderately suitable, and poor water quality for irrigation. The groundwater is found to be impacted mainly due to arid climate as based on SO42-/Cl- ratio, it depicts the similarity with seawater/salt pans. A proper groundwater management strategy and assessment of its suitability should be done before groundwater for domestic and agricultural consumption.
英文关键词	Groundwater Hydrogeochemistry Water quality indices Drinking water and irrigation GIS Saudi Arabia
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000612905800005
WOS类目	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Geology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/347715
作者单位	[Mallick, Javed; Alsubih, Majed; Ahmed, Mohd.; Khan, Roohul Abad] King Khalid Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn, POB 394, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia; [Kumar, Anand; Singh, Chander Kumar] TERI Sch Adv Studies, Dept Energy & Environm, New Delhi, India; [Almesfer, Mohammed K.] King Khalid Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Abha, Saudi Arabia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mallick, Javed,Kumar, Anand,Almesfer, Mohammed K.,et al. An index-based approach to assess groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation in Asir region of Saudi Arabia[J],2021,14(3).
APA	Mallick, Javed.,Kumar, Anand.,Almesfer, Mohammed K..,Alsubih, Majed.,Singh, Chander Kumar.,...&Khan, Roohul Abad.(2021).An index-based approach to assess groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation in Asir region of Saudi Arabia.ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES,14(3).
MLA	Mallick, Javed,et al."An index-based approach to assess groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation in Asir region of Saudi Arabia".ARABIAN JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES 14.3(2021).