干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Structural stability and hydraulic characteristics of soils irrigated for two decades with waters having residual alkalinity and its neutralization with gypsum and sulfuric acid

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106609
	Structural stability and hydraulic characteristics of soils irrigated for two decades with waters having residual alkalinity and its neutralization with gypsum and sulfuric acid
	Minhas, Paramjit Singh; Bali, Aradhana; Bhardwaj, Ajay Kumar; Singh, Awtar; Yadav, Rajender Kumar
通讯作者	Minhas, PS ; Bhardwaj, AK (corresponding author), ICAR Cent Soil Salin Res Inst, Kachhwa Rd, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
来源期刊	AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
ISSN	0378-3774
EISSN	1873-2283
出版年	2021
卷号	244
英文摘要	Degradation of soils due to sodification is now widespread in arid and semiarid areas irrigated with groundwater having residual alkalinity. We monitored the changes in soil physical, chemical, and hydraulic characteristics of a sandy loam soil irrigated for the last two decades with two types of alkali waters (AW(1), AW(2)) having similar salts (total electrolyte concentration, TEC = 30 me L-1) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARiw 10 mmol L-1) but varying in residual sodium carbonate, RSC (5 me L-1 in AW(1) and 10 me L-1 in AW2), and when latter irrigation water (AW(2)) was ameliorated to neutralize RSC equivalent to 5 me L-1 with either sulfuric acid (AW(2) + SA) or gypsum (AW(2) + GYP). Deterioration of overall soil quality was evidenced by increased bulk density and penetration resistance, decreased aggregate stability, increased soil pH and sodicity, and decline in accumulation of soil organic carbon, especially with AW(2). Exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) build up ranged between 2.1 and 3.3 times SARiw. The steady infiltration rate (IR) in soil irrigated with good quality water, GQW (Electrical conductivity, ECiw = 0.52 dS m(-1); RSC = 1.2 me L-1), was 5.4 mm h(-1) (IR-GQW) while it reduced to 2.2, 1.0, 1.7, and 1.8 mm h-1 with AW(1), AW(2), AW(2) + SA, and AW(2) + GYP, respectively. The adverse effects of soil sodification exacerbated with rainwater (RW; simulated with deionized water, EC < 0.03 dS m(-1)) infiltration, further reducing the IR to 1.1, 0.7, 1.4, and 1.0 mm h(-1) for AW(1), AW(2), AW(2) + SA, and AW(2) + GYP, respectively. The recovery of IR was only a little (2-11%) when RW was replaced with respective irrigation waters, even when the surface 5 cm was tilled to break soil crusts (ST). This indicates permanent damage to soil structure and water transmission characteristics through the development of sub-soil throttles with moved-in clays. Power functions described the surface soil ESP to control IR (R-2 = 0.53-0.83 **), and the ESP values for 0.25 IR-GQW were 24.5, 15.8, 17.4, 14.5 and 14.4 for IW (respective irrigation waters), RW, IW-RW, RW-IW, and RW-IW-ST-IW sequences of infiltration events, respectively. There were considerable reductions in post-infiltration water storage in the soil profile, and a slowed down redistribution of infiltrated water were also observed. The neutralization of RSC with either sulfuric acid or gypsum improved the hydro-physical properties; the impact of gypsum being slightly better especially in improving soil stability characteristics.
英文关键词	Alkali water Soil sodification Hydraulic properties Soil stability Infiltration characteristics Brackish water irrigation
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000603303900007
WOS关键词	TREATED WASTE-WATER ; CLAY DISPERSION ; CROP YIELDS ; ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATION ; SODIC IRRIGATIONS ; SANDY LOAM ; RICE-WHEAT ; CONDUCTIVITY ; SALINE ; SODIFICATION
WOS类目	Agronomy ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向	Agriculture ; Water Resources
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/347633
作者单位	[Minhas, Paramjit Singh; Bali, Aradhana; Bhardwaj, Ajay Kumar; Singh, Awtar; Yadav, Rajender Kumar] ICAR Cent Soil Salin Res Inst, Kachhwa Rd, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Minhas, Paramjit Singh,Bali, Aradhana,Bhardwaj, Ajay Kumar,et al. Structural stability and hydraulic characteristics of soils irrigated for two decades with waters having residual alkalinity and its neutralization with gypsum and sulfuric acid[J],2021,244.
APA	Minhas, Paramjit Singh,Bali, Aradhana,Bhardwaj, Ajay Kumar,Singh, Awtar,&Yadav, Rajender Kumar.(2021).Structural stability and hydraulic characteristics of soils irrigated for two decades with waters having residual alkalinity and its neutralization with gypsum and sulfuric acid.AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT,244.
MLA	Minhas, Paramjit Singh,et al."Structural stability and hydraulic characteristics of soils irrigated for two decades with waters having residual alkalinity and its neutralization with gypsum and sulfuric acid".AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT 244(2021).