干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 干旱绿洲灌区玉米氮素吸收利用对绿肥还田利用方式的响应

Arid

	干旱绿洲灌区玉米氮素吸收利用对绿肥还田利用方式的响应
其他题名	Effect of green manure retention practices on nitrogen absorption and utilization by maize crops in the arid oasis irrigation area
	吕汉强; 于爱忠; 王玉珑; 苏向向; 吕奕彤; 柴强
来源期刊	草业学报
ISSN	1004-5759
出版年	2020
卷号	29 期号:8 页码:93-103
中文摘要	针对干旱绿洲灌区小麦与玉米长期连作、麦后休闲期长、氮肥利用效率不高等问题,研究麦后复种绿肥对轮作玉米氮素吸收利用的影响具有重要意义。在石羊河流域,通过田间试验研究麦后复种绿肥不同还田利用方式(全量翻压、地表覆盖免耕、地上部收获后根茬翻压、地上部收获后免耕和不复种绿肥并采用传统翻耕)对后茬玉米氮素利用特征的影响。结果表明,与不复种绿肥相比,绿肥全量翻压和地表覆盖免耕还田处理下玉米播前0~30 cm土层矿质氮含量显著增加11.7%、10.0%,微生物量氮含量增加14.3%、16.2%;抽雄吐丝期,0~30cm土层土壤矿质氮含量增加17.0%、13.7%,微生物量氮含量增加8.7%、10.7%,为玉米氮素高效利用奠定了基础。绿肥全量翻压和地表覆盖免耕还田处理的玉米地上部植株吸氮量和籽粒吸氮量较不复种绿肥翻耕处理明显增加,其氮素利用率和氮肥偏生产力较不复种绿肥翻耕处理平均提高20.1%、25.8%和17.3%、22.2%,且该条件下玉米氮素利用率和氮肥利用率显著高于绿肥根茬还田处理。因此,在干旱绿洲灌区,麦后复种绿肥全量翻压或地表覆盖免耕在提高土壤氮素含量的同时,实现了玉米氮素的高效利用。
英文摘要	Nowadays,the major issues facing crop husbandry in the arid oasis irrigation region are the sustainability of long-term continuous cropping of wheat and maize,the long period of fallow after the wheat harvest,and a comparatively low nitrogen(N)fertilizer use efficiency.Therefore,investigation of the effects of different green manure retention practices on nitrogen absorption and utilization of subsequent maize crops is of significant importance,and a field experiment was conducted in the Shiyang river basin to determine the effects of different green manure retention practices on nitrogen use characteristics of subsequent maize crops in a wheatgreen manure-maize rotation system.Green manure retention practices evaluated were:i)Tillage with the total green manure crop incorporated into the soil,ii)No-tillage with the total green manure crop mulched on the soil surface,iii)Tillage with green manure crop roots incorporated in the soil and with above ground herbage removed;iv)No-tillage with above ground green manure crop herbage removed,and vi)Conventional tillage without green manure.It was found that before maize sowing,the treatments with the total green manure crop incorporated into the soil or mulched on the soil surface increased the soil mineral nitrogen content by 11.7% and 10.0%,respectively,and improved the microbial biomass nitrogen content by 14.3%and 16.2%,respectively,compared with conventional tillage without green manure.At the tasseling and silking stages,the two treatments increased soil mineral nitrogen content by 17.0%and 13.7%,respectively,and improved microbial biomass nitrogen content by 8.7%and 10.7%,respectively,in the 0-30cm soil layer,which allowed efficient use of nitrogen by the maize.These two treatments also significantly increased above-ground nitrogen accumulation both in leaves and stems,and in the grain.As a result,the N use efficiency of these two treatments increased by 20.1%and 25.8%,respectively,and the N partial productivity by 17.3%and 22.2%,respectively,compared to conventional tillage without green manure.Furthermore,the N fertilizer use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of the two treatments were significantly higher than those for the treatment with green manure roots retuned only.In summary,in the arid oasis irrigation area,the practices of incorporating the total green manure crop into the soil or mulching the total crop on the soil surface using no-tillage,can increase soil nitrogen content while at the same time facilitating increased nitrogen use efficiency in maize.
中文关键词	绿肥 ; 还田方式 ; 玉米 ; 氮素吸收利用
英文关键词	green manure retention practices maize nitrogen absorption and utilization
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6801817
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/336889
作者单位	吕汉强, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 于爱忠, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 王玉珑, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 苏向向, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 吕奕彤, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 柴强, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吕汉强,于爱忠,王玉珑,等. 干旱绿洲灌区玉米氮素吸收利用对绿肥还田利用方式的响应[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2020,29(8):93-103.
APA	吕汉强,于爱忠,王玉珑,苏向向,吕奕彤,&柴强.(2020).干旱绿洲灌区玉米氮素吸收利用对绿肥还田利用方式的响应.草业学报,29(8),93-103.
MLA	吕汉强,et al."干旱绿洲灌区玉米氮素吸收利用对绿肥还田利用方式的响应".草业学报 29.8(2020):93-103.