干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 毛乌素沙地地膜-地布覆盖下土壤水势动态

Arid

	毛乌素沙地地膜-地布覆盖下土壤水势动态
其他题名	Dynamics of Soil Water Potential Under Plastic Membrane and Geotextile Cloth Mulching in Mu Us Desert Land
	任涛; 贾志峰; 王智; 钟哲
来源期刊	水土保持学报
ISSN	1009-2242
出版年	2020
卷号	34 期号:4 页码:78-84
中文摘要	在毛乌素沙地东南缘风沙滩区进行为期1年的野外连续定位观测试验,设置3组覆垄沟渗处理,即地膜加防草地布覆垄(MB)、防草地布覆垄(DB)和无覆垄空白对照(CK)。利用MPS-6水势温度传感器监测沟表下5,15,30cm深度30min间隔的土壤水势和土壤温度。结果表明:(1)3组处理的土壤水势日变化均呈现余弦曲线变化特征,在5cm土层处土壤水势日变幅较大,土壤水势值为-600~-120kPa,呈MB>CK>DB;在15cm土层处,土壤水势较高且变幅较小,变化在-180~-90kPa,呈DB>CK>MB;在30cm土层处,土壤水势保持基本稳定,MB与DB处理的水势较高,稳定在-100kPa左右,CK较低,稳定在-285kPa左右;(2)土壤水势年内变化存在2个低谷,主要发生在土壤水处于冻结状态的冬季和蒸发强烈的夏季;3组处理土壤水势年均值表现为:5cm处,MB>CK>DB;15cm处,DB>CK>MB;30cm处,MB=DB>CK,主要原因是覆盖条件下,白天土壤积温较高,夜间向上的温度梯度大,15cm处土壤水分上移速度较快,地表膜布下积水,无膜布则蒸发,故表现为地表以下5cm处MB水势较大,15cm处水势较小;同时,MB条件下降雨入渗量最大,表层水分大;30cm处MB和DB条件下,水势近似相同,但都大于裸地,主要原因是该地区降雨量较小,大部分降雨在无覆盖条件下不能下渗至30cm处;(3)3组处理在0-30cm土层,冻融期土壤水势受大气相对湿度及风速影响较大,非冻融期土壤水势受风速影响最大,其次是大气温度与相对湿度。试验表明5cm土层MB保湿效果更好,而15cm土层DB的保湿效果更好,30cm土层MB和DB条件下水势接近,此结果可为沙漠地区固沙和植被恢复提供参考。
英文摘要	A one-year continuous field monitoring study at fixed observation positions was conducted on a sand belt site in the southeast edge of Mu Us desert land,with continuous monitoring of soil water potential and temperature.With the sand surface first reshaped into furrow-and-ridge form,the in-situ field test had 3 treatments,i.e.,the ridge section one was covered with plastic membrane plus weed-blocking geotextile(MB);section two covered with weed-blocking geotextile only(DB);and section three exposed or uncovered to serve as the blank contrast(CK).Soil water potential and temperature were monitored using MPS-6 probes at 5,15,30cm below the furrow surface,at 30minute intervals,along with meteorological data above the soil surface.Results showed that:(1)The daily variations of soil water potential under the 3 treatments all showed characteristics of a Cosmic function,the daily soil water potential at the 5cm depth was the most varied in the three groups,varying between-600and-120kPa,and showing MB>CK>DB.At the 15cm depth,the value was higher with smaller variation between-180and-90kPa,showing DB>CK>MB.At the 30cm depth,the soil water potential is virtually stable,with high water potentials for MB and DB stabilized at about-100kPa,and much lower stable potentials for CK at about-285kPa;(2)The annual variation of soil water potential showed two valleys,including the freezing-thawing period in the winter and the strong evaporation period in the summer.The annual averages among the 3groups show that:at 5cm MB>CK>DB,at 15cm DB>CK>MB,and at 30cm MB=DB>CK.The main reasons are that under the condition of MB and DB,the accumulated heat in the soil during the day time is higher,and the upward temperature gradient at night is higher,then the soil water at 15cm depth moves up and accumulates under the surface membrane and it would be evaporated without the membrane.Therefore,the water potential at 5cm below the surface is larger,while the water potential at 15cm is smaller.At the same time,under the condition of MB,the rainfall infiltration depth is the largest,so is the surface water content;Under MB and DB conditions at 30cm,the water potential is approximately the same,but both are larger than that under CK.The predominant reason is that the rainfall in this area is small,and most rainfall cannot infiltrate to 30cm depth without mulching;(3)When the 3groups were analyzed for the total 0-30cm soil layer,the soil water potential was greatly affected by relative humidity and wind speed of the atmosphere during freezing-thawing period.In the non-freezing-thawing period,soil water potential was most influenced by wind speed,followed by atmospheric temperature and relative humidity.It can be concluded that the moisture retention effects at 5 cm soil depths was better with MB treatment,while DB was better for 15cm soil depth,and both MB and DB were better for 30cm soil depth.These results could be used as a reference for sand fixation and revegetation in the desert area.
中文关键词	地膜-地布覆盖 ; 土壤水势 ; 冻融期 ; 毛乌素沙地
英文关键词	plastic membrane-geotextile ground cover soil water potential freezing-thawing period Mu Us sandy land
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6785556
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/336805
作者单位	任涛, 长安大学水利与环境学院;;长安大学, ;;旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室, 西安;;西安, ;; 710054;;710054.; 钟哲, 长安大学水利与环境学院;;长安大学, ;;旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室, 西安;;西安, ;; 710054;;710054.; 贾志峰, 长安大学水利与环境学院;;长安大学;;长安大学水与发展研究院, ;;旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室;;, 西安;;西安;;西安, ;;;; 710054;;710054;;710054.; 王智, 长安大学水利与环境学院;;长安大学;;长安大学水与发展研究院;;西北农林科技大学水利工程与建筑工程学院;;美国加利福尼亚州州立大学弗雷斯诺分校地球与环境科学系, ;;旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室;;;;;;, 西安;;西安;;西安;;杨凌;;弗雷斯诺, ;;;;;;陕西;;美国 710054;;710054;;710054;;712100;;93740.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	任涛,贾志峰,王智,等. 毛乌素沙地地膜-地布覆盖下土壤水势动态[J],2020,34(4):78-84.
APA	任涛,贾志峰,王智,&钟哲.(2020).毛乌素沙地地膜-地布覆盖下土壤水势动态.水土保持学报,34(4),78-84.
MLA	任涛,et al."毛乌素沙地地膜-地布覆盖下土壤水势动态".水土保持学报 34.4(2020):78-84.