干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 大尺度生态调度研究与实践

Arid

	大尺度生态调度研究与实践
其他题名	Large-scale ecological operation research and practice
	邓铭江; 黄强; 畅建霞; 黄生志
来源期刊	水利学报
ISSN	0559-9350
出版年	2020
卷号	51 期号:7 页码:757-773
中文摘要	通过分析总结国内外生态调度与生态恢复研究进展、发展趋势及其特点,提出水库调度已从将生态目标嵌入兴利调度的简单调控过程,转变为后坝工时代大尺度生态调度的综合调控过程,即:全流域-大空间尺度、长系列-大时间尺度、水循环-大系统尺度。指出生态调度是生态恢复和保护最有效的措施之一,提出了干旱区内陆河流域生态保护面临的挑战和需要研究解决的关键技术。以塔里木河下游生态输水和额尔齐斯河生态调度为研究对象,通过连续20年的动态监测、资料收集、野外数据采集及实验室数据处理,对生态输水方式、生态恢复响应、生态调度策略和生态保护模式等,进行了深入研究。结果表明:①生态恢复是一个长期的过程,需对地表水、地下水、植被响应、生境条件、生物多样性等开展长期监测,以掌握其动态情况,采取更为科学有效的调控措施;②为了提高塔里木河下游生态恢复成效,研究提出在实施双通道、汊河和面状输水的同时,采用沟汊渗灌延伸扩大受水区范围,快速有效补给地下水,建立了基于地下水位调控的地下水银行及生态修复平台。③创建了额尔齐斯河七库一干、三次脉冲、漓漫灌溉等多尺度耦合的生态调度技术体系和科学化、系统化、制度化的管理体系,初步形成水河湖联通、水网通达、水势漫溢的河谷林草漓漫灌溉系统。改变以往生态调度只放不灌和大水漫灌的粗放式管理模式,丰富了生态调度的研究内涵与实践。
英文摘要	This study summarizes the progress,trend and developmental characteristics of ecological operation and restoration,and suggests that reservoir operations have changed from a simple operational process embedded the "ecological target" to a comprehensive operational process of large-scale ecological operation in the "post-dam era",which incorporates the basin scale(large spatial scale),long-term series(large temporal scale),and water cycle(large system).Furthermore,it is pointed out that ecological operation is one of the most effective methods for ecological restoration and protection,and proposed the key challenges of the ecological operation in inland river basins in arid regions.The large-scale ecological operation is demonstrated for the ecological operations of the Tarim River and the Irtysh River,which are based on more than 20-year dynamic monitoring and management to comprehensively evaluate the ecological restoration and the strategies of ecological operation and protection.Results show that,①ecological restoration is a slowchanging process that requires long-term monitoring of surface water,groundwater,vegetation response,habitat conditions,biodiversity,etc.,to grasp its dynamics and to adopt more effective regulatory measures.② Although the ecological conditions of the downstream of the Tarim River has been restored,there has been no fundamental mitigation the vulnerability of ecosystem.For improving the effectives of the ecological operation,this study proposed the method of "groove seepage irrigation" and "seepage irrigation" to further extend the scope of the affected areas while implementing the double channel and the surface water transmission.This method establishes the platform of ecological operation and restoration based on groundwater level regulation and the concept of "underground ecological water bank" for rapidly replenishing groundwater.③ This study also established the multi-scale coupling technology of ecological operation and scientific,systematic,and institutionalized management system of the Irtysh River,which change the extensive management of traditional ecological operation(e.g.flood irrigation)and prompt the development of ecological water operation.
中文关键词	生态调度 ; 生态恢复 ; 地下生态水银行 ; 沟汊渗灌 ; 漓漫灌溉 ; 监测评估
英文关键词	ecological operation ecological restoration underground ecological water bank ditch branch irrigation catchwork irrigation ecological monitoring
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Engineering
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6777562
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/336757
作者单位	邓铭江, 西安理工大学;;新疆寒旱区水资源与生态水利工程研究中心, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室;;新疆寒旱区水资源与生态水利工程研究中心, 西安;;乌鲁木齐, 陕西;;新疆 710048;;830000, 中国.; 黄强, 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安, 陕西 710048, 中国.; 畅建霞, 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安, 陕西 710048, 中国.; 黄生志, 西安理工大学, 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室, 西安, 陕西 710048, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	邓铭江,黄强,畅建霞,等. 大尺度生态调度研究与实践[J],2020,51(7):757-773.
APA	邓铭江,黄强,畅建霞,&黄生志.(2020).大尺度生态调度研究与实践.水利学报,51(7),757-773.
MLA	邓铭江,et al."大尺度生态调度研究与实践".水利学报 51.7(2020):757-773.