干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 春季黄河附近乌海市露天煤矿大气不同粒径粉尘质量浓度分布规律

Arid

	春季黄河附近乌海市露天煤矿大气不同粒径粉尘质量浓度分布规律
其他题名	Dust concentration distribution patterns of different particulate matter in atmosphere in a surface coal mine of Wuhai city near the Yellow River during spring
	刘韵; 王若水; 张艳; 赵廷宁; 王景华; 吴红璇; 胡平
来源期刊	中国水土保持科学
ISSN	2096-2673
出版年	2020
卷号	18 期号:3 页码:1-11
中文摘要	为探究西北干旱荒漠地区露天煤矿春季各起尘区域内不同粒径粉尘( PM1.0、PM2.5、PM_(10). 0和TSP)质量浓度分布规律及其影响因素,选择内蒙古乌海市典型露天煤矿,在春季( 45月)对不同区域的粉尘质量浓度进行监测。结果表明: 1)有作业时,矿内4种粒径粉尘质量浓度整体均呈现两峰两谷变化特征,无作业时仅在清晨和傍晚较高;矿外粉尘质量浓度呈清晨较高,之后持续降低的趋势。2)风速增大、温度和湿度降低会导致矿内粉尘质量浓度增大,其中风速影响最大;矿外粉尘质量浓度与湿度呈显著正相关。3)矿内和矿外大气中所含颗粒物主要为粗颗粒物,其各区域rho( PM_(10). 0) /rho( TSP)值分别为0.59 ~ 0.69和0.50 ~ 0.62,各粒径粉尘在矿内各区域无明显分布差异,但粗颗粒物在矿外各区域间分布差异明显( P < 0.01) 。4)矿内各区域间粉尘质量浓度相关性较大,且矿区道路与储煤场间的相关性最大;矿外各区域间相关性随颗粒物粒径的增大而增大。在构建矿区粉尘质量浓度预警及防控技术体系时,建议重点考虑道路、矿坑、储煤场等主要作业区所产生的粗颗粒物,同时考虑风速和湿度对矿内外区域的不同影响。
英文摘要	[Background]Unit operations in a surface coal mine such as drilling,blasting,loading, transport and unloading cause the particulate matter ( PM) emission in different sizes directly to the atmosphere worsening human health and surrounding environment. The investigation was carried out to study the mass concentration distribution and impact factors on PM ( including PM1.0,PM2.5,PM_(10). 0, and TSP) in the producing dust area in typical windy days during spring in the arid region of northwest China. [Methods]The mine area was divided into mine entrance ( ME),mining pit around ( MA), road in the mine ( RM),mine office ( MO) and coal storage yard ( CS). The area outside the mine was divided into industrial estate ( IE),special road for transporting coal ( RC) and Jinshawan ( JS). A total of 16 monitoring points were set in the whole study area. Portable environmental dust detector was used to monitor the dust concentration in different areas inside and outside the coal mine during spring ( in April and May). The meteorological data in the area were recorded by DAVIS Vantage pro_2 automatic weather station. The analysis and drawing were conducted using software SPSS 20.0 and Origin 9.1. [Results] 1) The variation of dust concentration in each area of the mine generally presented a trend as follows: high value obtained in the morning,then it became lower at noon,and raised again in the afternoon, finally declined in the evening during the mine operation days. When it is not working day,the daily fluctuation range of dust concentration change was small,only a little bit high value observed in the morning and evening. By contrast,the daily variation of dust concentration outside the mine presented a relatively simple trend of high value in the morning,and then kept reducing in other times. 2) The daily variation of dust concentration was closely related to meteorological elements and working strength in the coal mine. The increasing of wind speed and decreasing of temperature and humidity significantly enhanced the dust concentration. Moreover,the influence degree for the wind speed appeared higher. The dust concentration in the air outside the mine was only related to meteorological indexes: concentration of PM was positively correlated with humidity and has the highest correlation coefficient, whereas no significant correlation was found between PM and other meteorological factors. 3) In spring, the PM in the atmosphere inside and outside the mine was mainly coarse particles ( PM_(10). 0 and TSP). Significant difference in coarse particles distribution for different areas outside the mine was found ( P < 0.01) although the corresponding difference between the areas in the mine was not obvious. 4) High correlation coefficient between different regions in dust concentration was found in the main working area of the mine. In addition,the correlation coefficient between road in the mine ( RM) and coal storage yard ( CS) in dust concentration was the largest compared with other areas. However,the correlation coefficients of dust concentration between the areas outside the mine increased with the increasing of particle diameter. [Conculsions]Above all,different influence on the air environment in the mining area was found for different working area. We should pay more attention on coarse particles ( PM_(10). 0 and TSP) that is from road,mining pit,coal storage yard and other main working areas to establish dust warning system and prevention and control technology system in the mining area. Meanwhile,the effects of wind speed and humidity on the dust concentration inside and outside the mine should also be considered.
中文关键词	时空分布 ; 气象要素 ; 西北干旱荒漠区
英文关键词	PM1.0 PM2.5 PM_(10). 0 TSP PM1.0 PM2.5 PM_(10). 0 TSP spatial and temporal distribution meteorological element arid desert region in Northwest China
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6757108
来源机构	北京林业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/336669
作者单位	刘韵, 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083, 中国.; 王若水, 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083, 中国.; 张艳, 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083, 中国.; 赵廷宁, 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083, 中国.; 吴红璇, 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083, 中国.; 胡平, 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083, 中国.; 王景华, 北京林业大学工学院, 北京 100083, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘韵,王若水,张艳,等. 春季黄河附近乌海市露天煤矿大气不同粒径粉尘质量浓度分布规律[J]. 北京林业大学,2020,18(3):1-11.
APA	刘韵.,王若水.,张艳.,赵廷宁.,王景华.,...&胡平.(2020).春季黄河附近乌海市露天煤矿大气不同粒径粉尘质量浓度分布规律.中国水土保持科学,18(3),1-11.
MLA	刘韵,et al."春季黄河附近乌海市露天煤矿大气不同粒径粉尘质量浓度分布规律".中国水土保持科学 18.3(2020):1-11.