干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 北方寒旱区不同抗寒性白菜型冬油菜幼苗物质转运和光合荧光动力学特征

Arid

	北方寒旱区不同抗寒性白菜型冬油菜幼苗物质转运和光合荧光动力学特征
其他题名	Matter transport, photosynthetic characteristics and fluorescence dynamics of 2 Brassica rapa cultivars with different freezing-tolerance in Northwest China
	许耀照; 孙万仓; 方彦; 孙柏林
来源期刊	中国油料作物学报
ISSN	1007-9084
出版年	2020
卷号	42 期号:1 页码:91-101
中文摘要	本文研究了白菜型冬油菜物质转运、叶片光合、荧光动力学特征及其与冬油菜抗寒性关系,为我国西北寒旱区冬油菜抗寒育种和种质抗寒评价提供依据。在大田条件下,选用白菜型冬油菜品种陇油7号(强抗寒)和天油4号(弱抗寒),调查自然降温过程中冬油菜幼苗干物质分配、光合特征、叶绿素荧光参数和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线等指标。结果发现,随着自然温度的下降,两个白菜型冬油菜根部干物质分配率增加,叶片光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线O-J-I-P的Fo(20 mus时荧光,O相)、F_k(300 mus时荧光,K相)、F_j(2 ms的荧光强度,J相)和Fm(最大荧光,P相)均下降,说明低温下光合作用的抑制有利于根部干物质的分配。在冬前低温下白菜型冬油菜光系统受到损伤,发生光抑制现象,表现为PSII受体库的大小(Area)、光合性能指数(PI)、最大荧光(Fm)和PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)下降,初始荧光(Fo)上升。与弱抗寒品种天油4号相比,强抗寒品种陇油7号的Pn、Fm、Fv/Fm、PSⅡ的潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、F_(k-j)(QA被还原能力)和F_(j-i)(QB含快还原PQ库)均较低,说明冬前低温条件下,陇油7号光合能力下降,由非气孔因素引起,低温导致光抑制增强。综上,白菜型冬油菜抗寒性与冬前低温下叶片光合特性以及干物质积累有关,弱的光合作用可减弱白菜型冬油菜地上部生长和根系物质消耗,有利于白菜型冬油菜根部干物质积累,以增强其抗寒性。
英文摘要	To clarify the relationship between material transport, photosynthesis, fluorescence dynamics and cold tolerance of winter turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.)and to further provide theoretical basis for rape breeding and evaluation of cold resistance, 2 cultivars Longyou 7 (strong freezing-tolerance) and Tianyou 4 (weak freezing-tolerance) were determined in natural temperature falling. Effects of low temperature on dry matter distribution, photosynthetic performance and kinetic curve of chlorophyll fluorescence induction were investigated under field conditions. It was shown that dry matter and distribution rates of dry matter in roots of both cultivars increased, but photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, Fo (fluorescence at O-step at 20 microseconds), Fk (fluorescence at K-step, 300 microseconds), Fj (fluorescence at J-step at 2 millisecond) and Fm (dark-adapted maximum fluorescence at P-step) of chlorophyll fluorescence induced kinetics curves of O-J-I-P decreased, with the decreasing temperature. Thus the decline of photosynthetic performance might help accumulation of dry matter in roots at low temperature. Photosystem damage and photo inhibition occurred, which presented with falling of PSII receptors (area), photosynthetic performance index (PI), maximum fluorescence (Fm) and maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), except the rising of initial fluorescence (Fo). Longyou 7 had lower Pn, Fm, Fv/Fm, and had lower potential activity of PSⅡ (Fv/Fo) and reduced capacity of Q_A and Q_B. It showed weaker photosynthetic capacity and stronger photo inhibition in Longyou 7 than those of Tianyou 4 under low temperatures. These indicated that the photosynthetic capacity of Longyou 7 decreased at low temperature before winter, which might be due to non-stomatal factors, and low temperature might lead to enhanced photoinhibition. In summary mary, the cold resistance of winter turnip rape was related to leaf photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation under low temperature. Weak photosynthesis could reduce growth activity of aboveground parts and root matter consumption, which was conducive to dry matter accumulation of rape root to enhance its cold resistance.
中文关键词	低温 ; 白菜型冬油菜 ; 物质转运 ; 光合作用 ; 荧光动力学
英文关键词	low temperature Brassica rapa L. dry matter translocation photosynthesis fluorescence induction kinetics
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6755546
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/336666
作者单位	许耀照, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室;;甘肃省油菜工程技术研究中心, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 孙万仓, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室;;甘肃省油菜工程技术研究中心, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 方彦, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室;;甘肃省油菜工程技术研究中心, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 孙柏林, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室;;甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室;;甘肃省油菜工程技术研究中心, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	许耀照,孙万仓,方彦,等. 北方寒旱区不同抗寒性白菜型冬油菜幼苗物质转运和光合荧光动力学特征[J],2020,42(1):91-101.
APA	许耀照,孙万仓,方彦,&孙柏林.(2020).北方寒旱区不同抗寒性白菜型冬油菜幼苗物质转运和光合荧光动力学特征.中国油料作物学报,42(1),91-101.
MLA	许耀照,et al."北方寒旱区不同抗寒性白菜型冬油菜幼苗物质转运和光合荧光动力学特征".中国油料作物学报 42.1(2020):91-101.