干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 地膜和秸秆覆盖对旱地农田土壤水分和大豆产量的影响

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	地膜和秸秆覆盖对旱地农田土壤水分和大豆产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Plastic Film and Straw Mulching on Soil Moisture and Soybean Yield in Dryland Farmland
	董云云; 王飞; 韩剑桥; 蓝郭华; 丁文斌
来源期刊	水土保持研究
ISSN	1005-3409
出版年	2020
卷号	27 期号:3 页码:364-371
中文摘要	为探明黄土高原半干旱丘陵沟壑区不同覆盖措施对土壤水分和作物产量的影响,在陕北安塞县山地梯田进行了系统试验,监测并分析了地膜覆盖(M)、谷子秸秆覆盖量5 000kg/hm~2(J_5)、谷子秸秆覆盖量2 500kg/hm~2(J_2)和传统耕作(CK,对照处理)4个处理对农田土壤水分、大豆(中黄35)主要植株性状、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:(1)在大豆生育期内,0280cm土层平均土壤体积含水量M处理最高,比最低的CK高30.08%;根系广泛分布的060cm土壤剖面中的耗水量顺序为:CK>M>J_5>J_2,其中CK和M的耗水量分别比J_2高10.82%(p< 0.05)和9.70%(p<0.05),CK的耗水量比J_5高8.12%(p<0.05),其他处理间差异均不显著;(2)各覆盖处理的大豆株高、单片叶面积、单株生物干重和百粒重都大于CK,其中M的上述性状值均最大;(3)M,J_5和J_2分别比CK增产46.73%(p<0.01),34.61%(p<0.05)和15.69%,M和J_5之间差异不显著;(4)M,J_5和J_2的水分利用效率依次比CK高48.30%(p<0.01),45.71%(p<0.01)和28.14%(p<0.05),M和J_5之间差异不显著。研究表明,在半干旱区CK的产量和水分利用效率均最低,地膜覆盖保水和增产效果显著但存在污染问题和环境风险,秸秆覆盖是目前该区适宜推广的保护性耕作措施。
英文摘要	In order to explore the effects of different mulching measures on soil moisture and crop yield in the semi-arid hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau,systematic experiments were carried out in the mountain terraces of Ansai County,northern Shaanxi Pprovince.The soil moisture,main plant traits,yield and water use efficiency(WUE)of soybean(Zhonghuang 35)were monitored and analyzed by using four experimental treatments which were plastic film mulching(M),straw mulching with quantity of 5 000kg/hm~2 (J_5),straw mulching with quantity of 2 500kg/hm~2(J_2)and traditional tillage(CK).The results showed that:(1)the average soil volume water content in 0280cm soil layer under M during the growth period of soybean was the largest,which was 30.08%higher than CK with the lowest soil volume water content;the water consumption in the 060cm soil profile during the whole growth period decreased in the order:CK> M>J_5>J_2,in which the water consumption of CK and M was 10.82% (p<0.05)and 9.70% (p<0.05) higher than that of J_2,respectively,and the water consumption of CK was 8.12% (p<0.05)higher than of J_5,and the difference of water consumption between other treatments was not significant;(2)the plant heights,single leaf areas,single plant dry weights and 100-grain weights of soybean under each mulching treatments were all greater than those under CK,and the above trait value of M was the largest;(3)the yields of M,J_5and J_2were 46.73% (p<0.01),34.61% (p<0.05)and 15.69% higher than that of CK, respectively,and the difference between M and J_5was not significant;(4)the WUEs of M,J_5and J_2were 48.30% (p<0.01),45.71% (p<0.01)and 28.14% (p<0.05)higher than that of CK,respectively,and the difference between M and J_5was not significant.The yield and water use efficiency of CK are the lowest in semi-arid area,and the effect of film mulching on water conservation and yield increase is significant,but film mulching results in potential pollution problem and environmental risk.Straw mulching is an appropriate conservation tillage measure which should be promoted in this area.
中文关键词	土壤水分 ; 大豆 ; 产量 ; 秸秆覆盖 ; 保护性耕作
英文关键词	soil moisture soybean yield straw mulching conservation tillage
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6713139
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/336446
作者单位	董云云, 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 蓝郭华, 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 丁文斌, 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 王飞, 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;;中国科学院大学, ;;;;, 杨凌;;杨凌;;, 陕西;;陕西;;北京 712100;;712100;;100049, 中国.; 韩剑桥, 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;;中国科学院大学, ;;;;, 杨凌;;杨凌;;, 陕西;;陕西;;北京 712100;;712100;;100049, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	董云云,王飞,韩剑桥,等. 地膜和秸秆覆盖对旱地农田土壤水分和大豆产量的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2020,27(3):364-371.
APA	董云云,王飞,韩剑桥,蓝郭华,&丁文斌.(2020).地膜和秸秆覆盖对旱地农田土壤水分和大豆产量的影响.水土保持研究,27(3),364-371.
MLA	董云云,et al."地膜和秸秆覆盖对旱地农田土壤水分和大豆产量的影响".水土保持研究 27.3(2020):364-371.