干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 绿洲灌区水氮减施密植玉米的光合源动态和产量表现

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	绿洲灌区水氮减施密植玉米的光合源动态和产量表现
其他题名	Photosynthetic Source Dynamics and Yield Performance of High Density Maize With Reduced Amount of Water and Nitrogen in Oasis Irrigation Region
	张喜军; 魏廷邦; 樊志龙; 柴强
来源期刊	核农学报
ISSN	1000-8551
出版年	2020
卷号	34 期号:6 页码:1302-1310
中文摘要	为进一步探索河西绿洲灌区玉米在水、氮减量的条件下能否支撑较高的种植密度而获得高产,本研究通过大田试验,设置传统灌水( W_1 )和生育期减量20%灌水( W_2 ) 2个灌水梯度,高施氮( 450 kg·hm~(-2), N_1 ) 、减量30%施氮( 300 kg·hm~(-2)、N_2 ) 2个施氮水平和D_1 ( 7.5万株·hm~(-2) ) 、D_2 ( 9.75万株·hm~(-2) ) 、D_3 ( 12万株·hm~(-2) ) 3个种植密度,在不同种植密度条件下,采用水氮耦合组合,测定玉米生育期内光合源动态、干物质积累、籽粒产量和产量性状。结果表明,在生育后期W_2N_2玉米光合势( LAD)与W_1N_1无显著差异,在W_2N_2条件下,D_2的LAD较D_1在玉米全生育期内平均增加8.7%,D_2与D_3之间无显著性差异;在W_2N_2条件下,玉米干物质积累量最终与W_1N_1持平,D_2干物质积累量较D_1在玉米全生育期内平均增加21.1%, D_2与D_3之间无显著性差异; D_2玉米籽粒产量在W_2N_2与W_1N_1间保持同等水平,较D_1玉米籽粒产量提高9.0%~33.7%;灌水和施氮因素对玉米穗粒数和千粒重影响均不显著,而在同等水、氮条件下,D_3玉米穗粒数较D_1降低了5.9%~26.1%,千粒重降低了9.2%~12.3%。综上,D_2水平使减量灌水、减量施氮条件下的玉米在生育后期仍然保持较大的LAD,为玉米产量的形成提供了物质保障,从而获得高产。本研究结果为通过水氮减施实现资源节约的高效农业生产提供了技术参考。
英文摘要	In order to further explore the higher density of maize in Hexi Oasis Irrigation Area,whether high yield can be obtained under the condition of water and nitrogen reduction,the photosynthetic potential,dry matter accumulation, grain yield and yield composition of maize during growth period were determined. The field experiment designed traditional irrigation ( W_1 ) and growth period reduction 20% irrigation ( W_2 ) ,high nitrogen application ( 450 kg·hm~(-2), N_1 ) ,reduction of 30% nitrogen application ( 300 kg·hm~(-2),N_2 ) and three planting density of 75,000 plants·hm~(-2) ( D_1 ) ,97,5 00 plants·hm~(-2)( D_2 ) and 120, 000 plants·hm~(-2)( D_3 ). The results indicated that no significant difference was found in the photosynthetic potential of W_2N_2 and W_1N_1 corn in the late growth stage. Under the W_2N_2 treatments,the photosynthetic potential of D_2 increased by 8.7% compared with D_1 during the whole growth period of the maize. There was no significant difference between D_2 and D_3. The dry matter accumulation of W_2N_2 was eventually equal to W_1N_1 at a low amount of water and nitrogen conditions. The dry matter accumulation of D_2 increased by 21.1% compared with D_1 during the whole growth period of maize and no significant difference was found between D_2 and D_3. The grain yield of W_2N_2D_2 was the same with that of W_1N_1D_2. The dry matter accumulation of D_2 increased by 9.0%~33.7% compared to that of D_1 treatment. Irrigation and nitrogen applications had no significant effect on the grain number per ear and 1000-grain weight of maize. Under the same water and nitrogen conditions,the grain number of D_3 corn compared with D_1 decreased by 5.9%~26.1%,and the 1000-grain weight of corn decreased by 9.2%~12.3%. In conclusion,W_2N_2D_2 still maintained a large photosynthetic potential of maize under reduced irrigation and nitrogen application at the later stage of growth,which provides material guarantee for the formation of corn yield,thus obtaining high yield. Therefore, maize planting with plant density of 97, 500 plants per hm~(-2) in a condition of reduced 20% irrigation and 30% nitrogen application can be recommended as a technical reference.
中文关键词	绿洲灌区 ; 水氮减施 ; 密度 ; 光合势 ; 产量
英文关键词	oasis irrigation region,reduced amount of water and nitrogen application,density,photosynthetic potential grain yield
类型	Article
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6693830
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/336358
作者单位	张喜军, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 樊志龙, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 柴强, 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 魏廷邦, 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院, 武威, 甘肃 733006, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张喜军,魏廷邦,樊志龙,等. 绿洲灌区水氮减施密植玉米的光合源动态和产量表现[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2020,34(6):1302-1310.
APA	张喜军,魏廷邦,樊志龙,&柴强.(2020).绿洲灌区水氮减施密植玉米的光合源动态和产量表现.核农学报,34(6),1302-1310.
MLA	张喜军,et al."绿洲灌区水氮减施密植玉米的光合源动态和产量表现".核农学报 34.6(2020):1302-1310.