干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Wind tunnel experiments on dust emissions from different landform types

Arid

	Wind tunnel experiments on dust emissions from different landform types
	Wu Wei; Yan Ping; Wang Yong; Dong Miao; Meng Xiaonan; Ji Xinran
来源期刊	Journal of Arid Land
ISSN	1674-6767
出版年	2018
卷号	10 期号:4 页码:548-560
英文摘要	The measurement and assessment of dust emissions from different landforms are important to understand the atmospheric loading of PM_(10)(particulate matter ≤10 m aerodynamic diameter) and to assess natural sources of dust;however,the methodology and technique for determining the dust still present significant research challenges.In the past,specialized field observation and field wind tunnel studies have been used to understand the dust emission.A series of wind tunnel tests were carried out to identify natural sources of dust and measure the magnitudes of dust emissions from different landforms.The method used in this study allowed the measurement of the PM_(10) emission rate using a laboratory based environmental boundary layer wind tunnel.Results indicated that PM_(10) emissions demonstrated strong temporal variation and were primarily driven by aerodynamic entrainment.Sand dunes,playa,and alluvial fans had the largest dust emission rates(0.8-5.4 mg/(m~2·s)) while sandy gravel,Gobi desert and abandoned lands had the lowest emission rates(0.003-0.126 mg/(m~2·s)).Dust emissions were heavily dependent on the surface conditions,especially the availability of loose surface dust.High dust emissions were a result of the availability of dust-particle materials for entrainment while low dust emissions were a result of surface crusts and gravel cover.Soil surface property(surface crusts and gravel cover) plays an important role in controlling the availability of dust-sized particles for entrainment.The dust emission rate depended not only on the surface conditions but also on the friction velocity.The emission rate of PM_(10) varies as a power function of the friction velocity.Although dynamic abrasion processes have a strong influence on the amount of dust entrainment,aerodynamic entrainment may provide an important mechanism for dust emissions.Large volumes of dust entrained by aerodynamic entrainment cannot only occur at low shear velocity without saltation,but may dominate the entrainment process in many arid and semi-arid environments.So it may also be responsible for large magnitude dust storms.Playa and alluvial fan landforms,prior to developing a surface crust,may be the main sources of dust storms in Qinghai Province.
英文关键词	emission rates PM_(10) fugitive dust landforms wind tunnel dust dynamics
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	Bronze
收录类别	CSCD
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6283197
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/335977
作者单位	Wu Wei, Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University;;Beijing Normal University, ;;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, ;;, Beijing;;Beijing 100875;;100875.; Yan Ping, Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University;;Beijing Normal University, ;;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, ;;, Beijing;;Beijing 100875;;100875.; Wang Yong, Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University;;Beijing Normal University, ;;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, ;;, Beijing;;Beijing 100875;;100875.; Dong Miao, Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University;;Beijing Normal University, ;;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, ;;, Beijing;;Beijing 100875;;100875.; Meng Xiaonan, Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University;;Beijing Normal University, ;;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, ;;, Beijing;;Beijing 100...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wu Wei,Yan Ping,Wang Yong,et al. Wind tunnel experiments on dust emissions from different landform types[J],2018,10(4):548-560.
APA	Wu Wei,Yan Ping,Wang Yong,Dong Miao,Meng Xiaonan,&Ji Xinran.(2018).Wind tunnel experiments on dust emissions from different landform types.Journal of Arid Land,10(4),548-560.
MLA	Wu Wei,et al."Wind tunnel experiments on dust emissions from different landform types".Journal of Arid Land 10.4(2018):548-560.