干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Material characterization and restoration of mural paintings of El-Muzzawaka Tombs, Dakhla Oases, Egypt

Arid

DOI	10.37558/gec.v18i1.773
	Material characterization and restoration of mural paintings of El-Muzzawaka Tombs, Dakhla Oases, Egypt
	Ali, Mona F.; Shawki, Hanaa; Mahmoud, Hussein Marey
通讯作者	Ali, MF
来源期刊	GE-CONSERVACION
ISSN	1989-8568
出版年	2020
期号	18 页码:92-107
英文摘要	The present study demonstrates scientific procedures applied to study mural paintings in two Graeco-Roman tombs of El-Muzzawaka, Dakhla Oases, Egypt. First, a series of analytical methods was applied to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition of pigment and plaster samples collected from the studied tombs. The analyses were performed by means of digitalized optical microscopy (OM), polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy attached with X-ray microanalysis detector (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Analyses of the pigment samples revealed Egyptian blue, Egyptian green, green earth, black magnetite, and red/yellow ochres. The paintings were applied on a coarse plaster layer made of gypsum, anhydrite, calcite, and quartz. The preparation layer was made of two phases of calcium sulphate (gypsum and anhydrite). Further, the detection of an organic binder, of gum Arabic, confirms the application of tempera technique. The results showed that the bed rock samples contain variable amounts of quartz, anhydrite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, gypsum, and sodium chloride (halite). In situ observations showed several deterioration forms on the studied mural paintings. The destructive climatic condition of the region and the defects of the rock structure have contributed seriously in the deterioration process. Based on experimental tests, multi restoration procedures were applied in form of cleaning, reattaching paint flakes, applying injection grouts to detached layers, reconstruction of missing parts in the plaster, repair of wide-open cracks, and final protective consolidation of the painted surfaces. Further, recommendations to minimize any future damage were discussed.
英文关键词	Dakhla Oases El-Muzzawaka Rock tombs mural paintings SEM-EDS XRD FT-IR deterioration restoration
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	DOAJ Gold
收录类别	ESCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000598650700008
WOS关键词	CONSERVATION
WOS类目	Humanities, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/334801
作者单位	[Ali, Mona F.; Mahmoud, Hussein Marey] Cairo Univ, Fac Archaeol, Dept Conservat, Giza, Egypt; [Shawki, Hanaa] Minist Tourism & Antiqu, Cairo, Egypt
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ali, Mona F.,Shawki, Hanaa,Mahmoud, Hussein Marey. Material characterization and restoration of mural paintings of El-Muzzawaka Tombs, Dakhla Oases, Egypt[J],2020(18):92-107.
APA	Ali, Mona F.,Shawki, Hanaa,&Mahmoud, Hussein Marey.(2020).Material characterization and restoration of mural paintings of El-Muzzawaka Tombs, Dakhla Oases, Egypt.GE-CONSERVACION(18),92-107.
MLA	Ali, Mona F.,et al."Material characterization and restoration of mural paintings of El-Muzzawaka Tombs, Dakhla Oases, Egypt".GE-CONSERVACION .18(2020):92-107.