干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Fluvial Geomorphology, Root Distribution, and Tensile Strength of the Invasive Giant Reed, Arundo Donax and Its Role on Stream Bank Stability in the Santa Clara River, Southern California

Arid

DOI	10.3390/geosciences8080304
	Fluvial Geomorphology, Root Distribution, and Tensile Strength of the Invasive Giant Reed, Arundo Donax and Its Role on Stream Bank Stability in the Santa Clara River, Southern California
	Stover, Jiana E.; Keller, Edward A.; Dudley, Tom L.; Langendoen, Eddy J.
通讯作者	Keller, EA
来源期刊	GEOSCIENCES
EISSN	2076-3263
出版年	2018
卷号	8 期号:8
英文摘要	Arundo donax (giant reed) is a large, perennial grass that invades semi-arid riparian systems where it competes with native vegetation and modifies channel geomorphology. For the Santa Clara River, CA, changes in channel width and intensity of braiding over several decades are linked in part to high flow events that remove A. donax. Nevertheless, the area of A. donax at the two study sites increased fivefold over a period of 28 years at one site and fourfold over 15 years at the second site. Effects of A. donax on bank stability are compared to those of a common native riparian treeSalix laevigata (red willow)at two sites on the banks and floodplain of the Santa Clara River. There is a significant difference of root density of A. donax compared to S. laevigata and the latter has a higher number of roots per unit area at nearly all depths of the soil profile. Tensile root strength for S. laevigata (for roots of 1-6 mm in diameter) is about five times stronger than for A. donax and adds twice the apparent cohesion to weakly cohesive bank materials than does A. donax (8.6 kPa compared to 3.3 kPa, respectively). Modeling of bank stability for banks of variable height suggests that S. laevigata, as compared to A. donax, increases the factor of safety (FS) by similar to 60% for banks 1 m high, similar to 55% for banks 2 m high and similar to 40% for banks 3 m high. For 3 m high banks, the FS for banks with A. donax is <1. This has geomorphic significance because, in the case of A. donax growing near the water line of alluvial banks, the upper 10-20 cm has a hard, resistant near-surface layer overlying more erodible banks just below the near-surface rhizomal layer. Such banks may be easily undercut during high flow events, resulting in overhanging blocks of soil and A. donax that slump and collapse into the active channel, facilitating lateral bank erosion. Therefore, there is a decrease in the lateral stability of channels if the mixed riparian forest is converted to dominance by A. donax.
英文关键词	Arundo donax tensile root strength root area ratio bank stability fluvial processes Santa Clara River Southern California
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	DOAJ Gold
收录类别	ESCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000443254500034
WOS关键词	RIPARIAN TREE ROOTS ; VEGETATION ; REINFORCEMENT ; MODEL ; IMPACTS ; ECOLOGY
WOS类目	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Geology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/332974
作者单位	[Stover, Jiana E.] Lyon Coll, Upward Bound Math Sci, Batesville, AR 72501 USA; [Keller, Edward A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA; [Dudley, Tom L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA; [Langendoen, Eddy J.] USDA, ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Stover, Jiana E.,Keller, Edward A.,Dudley, Tom L.,et al. Fluvial Geomorphology, Root Distribution, and Tensile Strength of the Invasive Giant Reed, Arundo Donax and Its Role on Stream Bank Stability in the Santa Clara River, Southern California[J],2018,8(8).
APA	Stover, Jiana E.,Keller, Edward A.,Dudley, Tom L.,&Langendoen, Eddy J..(2018).Fluvial Geomorphology, Root Distribution, and Tensile Strength of the Invasive Giant Reed, Arundo Donax and Its Role on Stream Bank Stability in the Santa Clara River, Southern California.GEOSCIENCES,8(8).
MLA	Stover, Jiana E.,et al."Fluvial Geomorphology, Root Distribution, and Tensile Strength of the Invasive Giant Reed, Arundo Donax and Its Role on Stream Bank Stability in the Santa Clara River, Southern California".GEOSCIENCES 8.8(2018).