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	The tragedy of the water commons: the case of the Lower Orange water management area
	Gouws, C. M.
通讯作者	Gouws, CM
来源期刊	TD-THE JOURNAL FOR TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
ISSN	1817-4434
EISSN	2415-2005
出版年	2008
卷号	4 期号:1 页码:251-271
英文摘要	In the human environment there is a tendency to refer to resources, such as land and water which do not specifically belong to any single individual, as the 'commons'. Garret Hardin wrote his famous paper called: " The Tragedy of the Commons" in which he highlighted the problem inhabitants of the world face regarding the growing population and depletion of natural resources. He proposed that limits must be placed on the liberal use of natural resources, which usually involve some kind of legislation. South Africa, as a semi-arid country, needs to manage the water as a commons to ensure that all inhabitants of the country have access to safe drinking water as instructed by the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act No. 108 of 1996 and subsequently preserved in the National Water Act No 36 of 1998. The significance of Hardin's theory to South Africa becomes evident in the necessity of the mentioned acts, which involve the establishment of Catchment Management Agencies (CMAs) and Water User Associations (WUAs). These institutions must ensure the involvement of all stakeholders and water users to manage the resource optimally. Establishing these institutions, however, proved to be difficult and their efficiency questioned, thus illustrating a "tragedy within the tragedy". This article considers the case of the Lower Orange Catchment Management Agency and the Upington Islands Water User Association in the //Khara Hais local municipality, to illustrate the thus far failing efforts taken by this region to manage the water resource.
英文关键词	Lower Orange River Management Area Catchment Management Agency // Khara Hais water user association department of water affairs and fortestry (DWAF) integrated water resource management (IWRM) tragedy of the common
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	DOAJ Gold
收录类别	ESCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000421688700011
WOS类目	Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Social Sciences - Other Topics
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/329105
作者单位	[Gouws, C. M.] North West Univ, Sch Basic Sci, Polit Sci, Vaal Triangle Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Gouws, C. M.. The tragedy of the water commons: the case of the Lower Orange water management area[J],2008,4(1):251-271.
APA	Gouws, C. M..(2008).The tragedy of the water commons: the case of the Lower Orange water management area.TD-THE JOURNAL FOR TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH IN SOUTHERN AFRICA,4(1),251-271.
MLA	Gouws, C. M.."The tragedy of the water commons: the case of the Lower Orange water management area".TD-THE JOURNAL FOR TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH IN SOUTHERN AFRICA 4.1(2008):251-271.

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