干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Structural and Functional Plasticity in the Regenerating Olfactory System of the Migratory Locust

Arid

DOI	10.3389/fphys.2020.608661
	Structural and Functional Plasticity in the Regenerating Olfactory System of the Migratory Locust
	Bicker, Gerd; Stern, Michael
通讯作者	Bicker, G ; Stern, M
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
ISSN	1664-042X
出版年	2020
卷号	11
英文摘要	Regeneration after injury is accompanied by transient and lasting changes in the neuroarchitecture of the nervous system and, thus, a form of structural plasticity. In this review, we introduce the olfactory pathway of a particular insect as a convenient model to visualize neural regeneration at an anatomical level and study functional recovery at an electrophysiological level. The olfactory pathway of the locust (Locusta migratoria) is characterized by a multiglomerular innervation of the antennal lobe by olfactory receptor neurons. These olfactory afferents were axotomized by crushing the base of the antenna. The resulting degeneration and regeneration in the antennal lobe could be quantified by size measurements, dye labeling, and immunofluorescence staining of cell surface proteins implicated in axonal guidance during development. Within 3 days post lesion, the antennal lobe volume was reduced by 30% and from then onward regained size back to normal by 2 weeks post injury. The majority of regenerating olfactory receptor axons reinnervated the glomeruli of the antennal lobe. A few regenerating axons project erroneously into the mushroom body on a pathway that is normally chosen by second-order projection neurons. Based on intracellular responses of antennal lobe output neurons to odor stimulation, regenerated fibers establish functional synapses again. Following complete absence after nerve crush, responses to odor stimuli return to control level within 10-14 days. On average, regeneration of afferents, and re-established synaptic connections appear faster in younger fifth instar nymphs than in adults. The initial degeneration of olfactory receptor axons has a trans-synaptic effect on a second order brain center, leading to a transient size reduction of the mushroom body calyx. Odor-evoked oscillating field potentials, absent after nerve crush, were restored in the calyx, indicative of regenerative processes in the network architecture. We conclude that axonal regeneration in the locust olfactory system appears to be possible, precise, and fast, opening an avenue for future mechanistic studies. As a perspective of biomedical importance, the current evidence for nitric oxide/cGMP signaling as positive regulator of axon regeneration in connectives of the ventral nerve cord is considered in light of particular regeneration studies in vertebrate central nervous systems.
英文关键词	antennal lobe mushroom body fasciclin I semaphorin 1a field potential oscillations
类型	Review
语种	英语
开放获取类型	gold, Green Published
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000599255100001
WOS关键词	GROWTH CONE GUIDANCE ; NITRIC-OXIDE ; AXONAL REGENERATION ; NERVOUS-SYSTEM ; ANTENNAL LOBE ; MUSHROOM BODY ; SCHISTOCERCA-GREGARIA ; AUDITORY-SYSTEM ; DESERT LOCUST ; RHO-KINASE
WOS类目	Physiology
WOS研究方向	Physiology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/327900
作者单位	[Bicker, Gerd; Stern, Michael] Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Physiol & Cell Biol, Div Cell Biol, Hannover, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Bicker, Gerd,Stern, Michael. Structural and Functional Plasticity in the Regenerating Olfactory System of the Migratory Locust[J],2020,11.
APA	Bicker, Gerd,&Stern, Michael.(2020).Structural and Functional Plasticity in the Regenerating Olfactory System of the Migratory Locust.FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY,11.
MLA	Bicker, Gerd,et al."Structural and Functional Plasticity in the Regenerating Olfactory System of the Migratory Locust".FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY 11(2020).