干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Experimental Warming Changes Phenology and Shortens Growing Season of the Dominant Invasive Plant Bromus tectorum (Cheatgrass)

Arid

DOI	10.3389/fpls.2020.570001
	Experimental Warming Changes Phenology and Shortens Growing Season of the Dominant Invasive Plant Bromus tectorum (Cheatgrass)
	Howell, Armin; Winkler, Daniel E.; Phillips, Michala L.; McNellis, Brandon; Reed, Sasha C.
通讯作者	Howell, A
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
ISSN	1664-462X
出版年	2020
卷号	11
英文摘要	Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) has successfully invaded and established throughout the western United States. Bromus tectorum grows early in the season and this early growth allows B. tectorum to outcompete native species, which has led to dramatic shifts in ecosystem function and plant community composition after B. tectorum invades. If the phenology of native species is unable to track changing climate as effectively as B. tectorum's phenology then climate change may facilitate further invasion. To better understand how B. tectorum phenology will respond to future climate, we tracked the timing of B. tectorum germination, flowering, and senescence over a decade in three in situ climate manipulation experiments with treatments that increased temperatures (2 degrees C and 4 degrees C above ambient), altered precipitation regimes, or applied a combination of each. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze treatment effects on the timing of germination, flowering, senescence, and on the length of the vegetative growing season (time from germination to flowering) in each experiment. Altered precipitation treatments were only applied in early years of the study and neither precipitation treatments nor the treatments' legacies significantly affected B. tectorum phenology. The timing of germination did not significantly vary between any warming treatments and their respective ambient plots. However, plots that were warmed had advances in the timing of B. tectorum flowering and senescence, as well as shorter vegetative growing seasons. The phenological advances caused by warming increased with increasing degrees of experimental warming. The greatest differences between warmed and ambient plots were seen in the length of the vegetative growing season, which was shortened by approximately 12 and 7 days in the +4 degrees C and +2 degrees C warming levels, respectively. The effects of experimental warming were small compared to the effects of interannual climate variation, suggesting that interactive controls and the timing of multiple climatic factors are important in determining B. tectorum phenology. Taken together, these results help elucidate how B. tectorum phenology may respond to future climate, increasing our predictive capacity for estimating when to time B. tectorum control efforts and how to more effectively manage this exotic annual grass.
英文关键词	Bromus tectorum climate change dryland invasive plants phenology phenophase soil moisture soil temperature
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	Green Published, gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000584759300001
WOS关键词	CLIMATE-CHANGE ; GREAT-BASIN ; COLORADO PLATEAU ; EXOTIC GRASSES ; FIRE ; DESERT ; COMPETITION ; PRECIPITATION ; RESPONSES ; ECOSYSTEM
WOS类目	Plant Sciences
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
来源机构	United States Geological Survey
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/327255
作者单位	[Howell, Armin; Winkler, Daniel E.; Phillips, Michala L.; Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA; [McNellis, Brandon] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Howell, Armin,Winkler, Daniel E.,Phillips, Michala L.,et al. Experimental Warming Changes Phenology and Shortens Growing Season of the Dominant Invasive Plant Bromus tectorum (Cheatgrass)[J]. United States Geological Survey,2020,11.
APA	Howell, Armin,Winkler, Daniel E.,Phillips, Michala L.,McNellis, Brandon,&Reed, Sasha C..(2020).Experimental Warming Changes Phenology and Shortens Growing Season of the Dominant Invasive Plant Bromus tectorum (Cheatgrass).FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE,11.
MLA	Howell, Armin,et al."Experimental Warming Changes Phenology and Shortens Growing Season of the Dominant Invasive Plant Bromus tectorum (Cheatgrass)".FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 11(2020).