干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Water and nitrate loss from dryland agricultural soils is controlled by management, soils, and weather

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.agee.2020.107158
	Water and nitrate loss from dryland agricultural soils is controlled by management, soils, and weather
	Sigler, W. Adam; Ewing, Stephanie A.; Jones, Clain A.; Payn, Robert A.; Miller, Perry; Maneta, Marco
通讯作者	Sigler, WA
来源期刊	AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
ISSN	0167-8809
EISSN	1873-2305
出版年	2020
卷号	304
英文摘要	The vast majority (82 %) of the earth's cultivated area is not irrigated, and half is in semi-arid regions where water tends to limit crop growth. In dryland semi-arid agroecosystems, any precipitation not transpired indicates crop yield that is below potential. Precipitation that is partitioned to deep percolation can transport nitrate out of the root zone, reducing nitrogen use efficiency and potentially contaminating groundwater. To mitigate loss of crop yield to drought, the practice of chemical summer-fallow (suppressing plant growth for a full growing season with herbicide) has been common in semi-arid regions to store water for the following growing season. However, precipitation losses during fallow tend to exceed the amount of precipitation stored, and fallow tends to increase nitrate leaching. We present model simulations informed by field observations that explore the interaction of crop rotation, weather, and soils as controls on precipitation partitioning and nitrate leaching. Simulations reveal that high intensity precipitation periods produce hot moments of deep percolation and nitrate leaching such that 54 % of deep percolation and 56 % of leaching occurs in two of 14 model years. Simulations indicate that thin soils (having limited water storage capacity) produce hot spots for deep percolation and nitrate leaching such that thinner soils (<25 cm) experience water and nitrate loss rates five to 16 times higher than thicker soils (>100 cm). The practice of fallow facilitates mineralization of soil organic nitrogen to nitrate and increases deep percolation, magnifying the interaction of hot moments and hot spots. Simulations suggest that a field with fallow in rotation once every three years experiences 55 % of its deep percolation and 43 % of its leaching losses during fallow years.
英文关键词	Soil moisture Deep percolation Leach Hydrus Rainfed
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	hybrid
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000581101600024
WOS关键词	CROPPING SYSTEMS ; USE EFFICIENCY ; GREAT-PLAINS ; NITROGEN ; WHEAT ; FALLOW ; GROUNDWATER ; ECOSYSTEMS ; FERTILIZER ; ROTATION
WOS类目	Agriculture, Multidisciplinary ; Ecology ; Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向	Agriculture ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/327030
作者单位	[Sigler, W. Adam; Ewing, Stephanie A.; Jones, Clain A.; Payn, Robert A.; Miller, Perry] Montana State Univ, Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA; [Sigler, W. Adam; Jones, Clain A.] Montana State Univ Extens, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA; [Payn, Robert A.] Montana Univ Syst, Montana Inst Ecosyst, Helena, MT USA; [Maneta, Marco] Univ Montana, Geosci Dept, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sigler, W. Adam,Ewing, Stephanie A.,Jones, Clain A.,et al. Water and nitrate loss from dryland agricultural soils is controlled by management, soils, and weather[J],2020,304.
APA	Sigler, W. Adam,Ewing, Stephanie A.,Jones, Clain A.,Payn, Robert A.,Miller, Perry,&Maneta, Marco.(2020).Water and nitrate loss from dryland agricultural soils is controlled by management, soils, and weather.AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT,304.
MLA	Sigler, W. Adam,et al."Water and nitrate loss from dryland agricultural soils is controlled by management, soils, and weather".AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 304(2020).