干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): High Arctic biocrusts: characterization of the exopolysaccharidic matrix

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s00300-020-02746-8
	High Arctic biocrusts: characterization of the exopolysaccharidic matrix
	Mugnai, Gianmarco; Rossi, Federico; Mascalchi, Cristina; Ventura, Stefano; De Philippis, Roberto
通讯作者	De Philippis, R
来源期刊	POLAR BIOLOGY
ISSN	0722-4060
EISSN	1432-2056
出版年	2020
卷号	43 期号:11 页码:1805-1815
英文摘要	Biocrusts can be found in a wide array of habitats, where they provide important ecosystem services. These microbial associations are particularly important in High Arctic environments, where biocrust colonize the newly exposed barren soil after glacier retreat and significantly contribute to soil stabilization and nutrient cycling. Starting from incipient, structurally simple biolayers, they develop in complexity, increasing from the glacier terminus. Starting from a simple community structure, mainly constituted by cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria and fungi immersed in a self-secreted extracellular polymeric matrix (cyanobacterial crusts), they later may recruit mosses and lichens (moss crusts and lichen crusts, respectively). The extracellular polymeric matrix protects the biocrust community from abiotic constraints, notably drought and freezing stress, from external physical harming factors, and from predation. The physicochemical characteristics of the extracellular matrix are related to several of its properties, such as its soil-stabilizing effect and water retention. We analysed the chemical (monosaccharidic composition) and macromolecular (molecular weight distribution) properties of the extracellular polymeric matrix of biocrusts with different morphologies collected in northwestern Spitsbergen, Norway. The uronic acid content and molecular weight (MW) distribution of the extracellular polysaccharidic matrices (EPMs) appeared in accordance with the developmental stages of the biocrusts. The MW distribution also showed significant differences between the samples, possibly reflecting differences in microbial enzymatic activities leading to the degradation of high-MW polymers into smaller compounds. The MW distribution profiles presented some important differences, reflecting differences in environmental conditions and, probably, the seasonal variance in microbial community composition that is known to characterize the environment examined in the present study.
英文关键词	Biocrusts Arctic environment Extracellular polysaccharidic matrix (EPM) Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)
类型	Article
语种	英语
开放获取类型	Green Published, hybrid
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000573439600001
WOS关键词	BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS ; CYANOBACTERIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES ; EXTRACELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDES ; EXOCELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDES ; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION ; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY ; PRIMARY SUCCESSION ; REVEGETATED AREAS ; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES ; TENGGER DESERT
WOS类目	Biodiversity Conservation ; Ecology
WOS研究方向	Biodiversity & Conservation ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/326543
作者单位	[Mugnai, Gianmarco; Rossi, Federico] Univ Milan, Dept Food Environm & Nutr Sci DeFENS, Via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milan, Italy; [Mascalchi, Cristina; Ventura, Stefano] CNR, Res Inst Terr Ecosyst IRET, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; [De Philippis, Roberto] Univ Florence, Dept Agr Food Environm & Forestry DAGRI, Via Maragliano 77, I-50144 Florence, Italy
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mugnai, Gianmarco,Rossi, Federico,Mascalchi, Cristina,et al. High Arctic biocrusts: characterization of the exopolysaccharidic matrix[J],2020,43(11):1805-1815.
APA	Mugnai, Gianmarco,Rossi, Federico,Mascalchi, Cristina,Ventura, Stefano,&De Philippis, Roberto.(2020).High Arctic biocrusts: characterization of the exopolysaccharidic matrix.POLAR BIOLOGY,43(11),1805-1815.
MLA	Mugnai, Gianmarco,et al."High Arctic biocrusts: characterization of the exopolysaccharidic matrix".POLAR BIOLOGY 43.11(2020):1805-1815.