干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): The provenance of early Iron Age ferrous remains from southeastern Arabia

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.jas.2020.105192
	The provenance of early Iron Age ferrous remains from southeastern Arabia
	Stepanov, Ivan S.; Weeks, Lloyd; Franke, Kristina A.; Overlaet, Bruno; Alard, Olivier; Cable, Charlotte M.; Al Aali, Yaaqoub Yousif; Boraik, Mansour; Zein, Hassan; Grave, Peter
通讯作者	Stepanov, IS
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
ISSN	0305-4403
EISSN	1095-9238
出版年	2020
卷号	120
英文摘要	Recent excavations at Saruq al-Hadid, Dubai, have recovered more than 200 kg of ferrous remains from early Iron Age contexts dated to c. 1250-800 BCE, transforming our understanding of the scale of early iron use in southeastern Arabia. Many of these ferrous artefacts show typological parallels with contemporary objects from Luristan in western Iran, and the possibility of their long-distance import from this well-known iron producing and using region has long been recognized. The present study uses material from Saruq al-Hadid and the contemporary site of Muweilah to explore the provenance of the earliest iron from southeastern Arabia, by (i) summarizing the evidence for the iron resources and technology in the region and adjacent areas; and (ii) compositionally analysing iron ores, iron slags and slag inclusions in artefacts from Saruq al-Hadid and Muweilah, alongside Iron Age ferrous artefacts from Iran, using OM, SEM-EDS, XRF, ICP-MS and LA-ICP-MS. Multivariate statistical analyses are used to explore these geochemical data, alongside a large dataset of ores and artefacts derived from existing geochemical and archaeological publications. The study identifies slag samples from Muweilah as originating from iron smithing activities, providing the first evidence for iron working of any kind in southeastern Arabia. Differences in the geochemical compositions of the material from Saruq alHadid and Muweilah and iron ores from the U.A.E. and Oman - particularly the distribution of rare earth elements - suggest that Iron Age ferrous artefacts from southeastern Arabia were not smelted from locally-available iron ores. Rather, the study demonstrates geochemical similarities between southeastern Arabian iron objects, contemporary objects from Luristan, and ores of the Sanandaj-Sirjan metallogenic belt of Iran, suggesting that iron may have been imported, at least partially as complete objects, from this region. Multiple source deposits are indicated, however, and the possible contribution of iron from other regions of ancient Western Asia and neighbouring regions remains to be further explored. The research provides critical new information regarding the long-distance exchange contacts of southeastern Arabia society during the floruit of the early Iron Age, in the late second and early first millennia BCE.
英文关键词	Corroded iron Iron provenance Slag inclusions Southeastern Arabia Luristan Iron Age LA-ICP-MS
类型	Article
语种	英语
收录类别	SSCI ; AHCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000552811500012
WOS关键词	SLAG INCLUSION ANALYSES ; DESERT SETTLEMENT ; IRAN IMPLICATIONS ; OMAN PENINSULA ; ARTIFACTS ; LATERITES ; GENESIS ; AREA ; EXCAVATIONS ; MUWEILAH
WOS类目	Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Geology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/325237
作者单位	[Stepanov, Ivan S.; Weeks, Lloyd; Franke, Kristina A.; Cable, Charlotte M.; Grave, Peter] Univ New England, Archaeomat Sci Hub, Archaeol & Palaeoanthropol, Sch Humanities Arts & Social Sci, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; [Overlaet, Bruno] Royal Museums Art & Hist, Brussels, Belgium; [Alard, Olivier] Macquarie Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; [Alard, Olivier] CNRS, Geosci Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France; [Alard, Olivier] Univ Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France; [Al Aali, Yaaqoub Yousif; Boraik, Mansour; Zein, Hassan] Dubai Municipal, Dubai, U Arab Emirates
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Stepanov, Ivan S.,Weeks, Lloyd,Franke, Kristina A.,et al. The provenance of early Iron Age ferrous remains from southeastern Arabia[J],2020,120.
APA	Stepanov, Ivan S..,Weeks, Lloyd.,Franke, Kristina A..,Overlaet, Bruno.,Alard, Olivier.,...&Grave, Peter.(2020).The provenance of early Iron Age ferrous remains from southeastern Arabia.JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE,120.
MLA	Stepanov, Ivan S.,et al."The provenance of early Iron Age ferrous remains from southeastern Arabia".JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE 120(2020).