干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Phosphorites, glass ramps and carbonate factories: The evolution of an epicontinental sea and a late Palaeozoic upwelling system (Phosphoria Rock Complex)

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DOI	10.1111/sed.12731
	Phosphorites, glass ramps and carbonate factories: The evolution of an epicontinental sea and a late Palaeozoic upwelling system (Phosphoria Rock Complex)
	Matheson, Edward J.1,2; Frank, Tracy D.1
通讯作者	Matheson, Edward J.
来源期刊	SEDIMENTOLOGY
ISSN	0037-0746
EISSN	1365-3091
出版年	2020
卷号	67 期号:6 页码:3003-3041
英文摘要	The Permian Phosphoria Rock Complex of the western USA contains an enigmatic assemblage of bioelemental rocks (i.e. phosphorites and cherts) that accumulated in a depositional system with no modern analogue. This study utilizes detailed sedimentological, stratigraphic and petrographic examination to evaluate the genetic relations of phosphorites, spiculitic chert and carbonates of the Ervay cycle (depositional sequence) and propose a unified oceanographic model for their deposition. The Ervay cycle contains three marine and one terrestrial facies association, each of which composes the bulk of a single lithostratigraphic unit. The marine facies associations include: (i) granular phosphorites (Retort Member); (ii) spiculitic cherty dolostones (Tosi Member); and (iii) marine to peritidal carbonates (Ervay Member). Red beds and intercalated gypsum (Goose Egg Formation) accumulated in the vast desert adjacent to the sea. The three marine members are chronostratigraphically distinct, successive and conformably stacked. They are not coeval facies belts. They reflect the progressive evolution of the epicontinental sea from the location of: (i) authigenic phosphogenesis (lowstand to transgression); to (ii) a glass ramp with biosiliceous (sponge) deposition (transgression); to (iii) a carbonate ramp (regression). This succession of switching biochemical sediment factories records the evolution of sea-level, nutrient supply, upwelling, oxygenation and dissolved Si. Intense upwelling, potentially coupled with aeolian input, led to sedimentary condensation and phosphogenesis. Decreased upwelling intensity during transgression increased oxygenation sufficiently for a siliceous sponge benthos. Sponges were favoured over biocalcifiers due to elevated dissolved silica and a low carbonate saturation state. The cessation of sponge dominance and transition to a carbonate ramp occurred due to decreasing upwelling intensity, Si drawdown and an increased carbonate saturation state. These results provide insight into the role of Si loading in faunal turnover on glass ramps and highlight how differences in dissolved Si utilizers in pre-Cretaceous versus post-Cretaceous upwelling systems influence the resultant deposits.
英文关键词	Ervay Member glass ramp palaeoceanography Permian Phosphoria phosphorites silica cycle upwelling
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	USA ; Canada
开放获取类型	Green Published
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000534046300001
WOS关键词	COOL-WATER CARBONATES ; OF-THE-ART ; SVERDRUP BASIN ; ORGANIC-MATTER ; OCEAN ; ORIGIN ; MARGIN ; GEOCHEMISTRY ; SEDIMENTARY ; SPONGES
WOS类目	Geology
WOS研究方向	Geology
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/318661
作者单位	1.Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 126 Bessey Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA; 2.Queens Univ, Dept Geol Sci & Geol Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Matheson, Edward J.,Frank, Tracy D.. Phosphorites, glass ramps and carbonate factories: The evolution of an epicontinental sea and a late Palaeozoic upwelling system (Phosphoria Rock Complex)[J],2020,67(6):3003-3041.
APA	Matheson, Edward J.,&Frank, Tracy D..(2020).Phosphorites, glass ramps and carbonate factories: The evolution of an epicontinental sea and a late Palaeozoic upwelling system (Phosphoria Rock Complex).SEDIMENTOLOGY,67(6),3003-3041.
MLA	Matheson, Edward J.,et al."Phosphorites, glass ramps and carbonate factories: The evolution of an epicontinental sea and a late Palaeozoic upwelling system (Phosphoria Rock Complex)".SEDIMENTOLOGY 67.6(2020):3003-3041.