Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| DOI | 10.3390/su12083437 |
| Changes in Climatic Water Availability and Crop Water Demand for Iraq Region | |
| Salman, Saleem A.1,2; Shahid, Shamsuddin1; Afan, Haitham Abdulmohsin3; Shiru, Mohammed Sanusi1,4,5; Al-Ansari, Nadhir6; Yaseen, Zaher Mundher7 | |
| 通讯作者 | Yaseen, Zaher Mundher |
| 来源期刊 | SUSTAINABILITY
 |
| EISSN | 2071-1050 |
| 出版年 | 2020 |
| 卷号 | 12期号:8 |
| 英文摘要 | Decreases in climatic water availability (CWA) and increases in crop water demand (CWD) in the background of climate change are a major concern in arid regions because of less water availability and higher irrigation requirements for crop production. Assessment of the spatiotemporal changes in CWA and CWD is important for the adaptation of irrigated agriculture to climate change for such regions. The recent changes in CWA and CWD during growing seasons of major crops have been assessed for Iraq where rapid changes in climate have been noticed in recent decades. Gridded precipitation of the global precipitation climatology center (GPCC) and gridded temperature of the climate research unit (CRU) having a spatial resolution of 0.5 degrees, were used for the estimation of CWA and CWD using simple water balance equations. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test and one of its modified versions which can consider long-term persistence in time series, were used to estimate trends in CWA for the period 1961-2013. In addition, the changes in CWD between early (1961-1990) and late (1984-2013) periods were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank test. The results revealed a deficit in water in all the seasons in most of the country while a surplus in the northern highlands in all the seasons except summer was observed. A significant reduction in the annual amount of CWA at a rate of -1 to -13 mm/year was observed at 0.5 level of significance in most of Iraq except in the north. Decreasing trends in CWA in spring (-0.4 to -1.8 mm/year), summer (-5.0 to -11 mm/year) and autumn (0.3 to -0.6 mm/year), and almost no change in winter was observed. The CWA during the growing season of summer crop (millet and sorghum) was found to decrease significantly in most of Iraq except in the north. The comparison of CWD revealed an increase in agricultural water needs in the late period (1984-2013) compared to the early period (1961-1990) by 1.0-8.0, 1.0-14, 15-30, 14-27 and 0.0-10 mm for wheat, barley, millet, sorghum and potato, respectively. The highest increase in CWD was found in April, October, June, June and April for wheat, barley, millet, sorghum and potato, respectively. |
| 英文关键词 | climatic water demand crop water demand climate change gridded climate data crop coefficient |
| 类型 | Article |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 国家 | Malaysia ; Iraq ; Vietnam ; Nigeria ; South Korea ; Sweden |
| 开放获取类型 | gold |
| 收录类别 | SCI-E ; SSCI |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000535598700370 |
| WOS关键词 | KENDALL TREND TEST ; MANN-KENDALL ; ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ; BALOCHISTAN PROVINCE ; PRECIPITATION DATA ; GROUNDWATER LEVEL ; CHANGE IMPACTS ; IRRIGATION ; TEMPERATURE ; REQUIREMENTS |
| WOS类目 | Green & Sustainable Science & Technology ; Environmental Sciences ; Environmental Studies |
| WOS研究方向 | Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| 资源类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/318565 |
| 作者单位 | 1.Univ Teknol Malaysia UTM, Fac Engn, Sch Civil Engn, Johor Baharu 81310, Malaysia; 2.Univ Al Qadisiyah, Civil Engn Dept, Coll Engn, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; 3.Duy Tan Univ, Inst Res & Dev, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam; 4.Fed Univ Dutse, Fac Sci, Dept Environm Sci, PMB 7156, Dutse, Nigeria; 5.Seoul Natl Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Seoul 01811, South Korea; 6.Lulea Univ Technol, Civil Environm & Nat Resources Engn, S-97187 Lulea, Sweden; 7.Ton Duc Thang Univ, Fac Civil Engn, Sustainable Dev Civil Engn Res Grp, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Salman, Saleem A.,Shahid, Shamsuddin,Afan, Haitham Abdulmohsin,et al. Changes in Climatic Water Availability and Crop Water Demand for Iraq Region[J],2020,12(8). |
| APA | Salman, Saleem A.,Shahid, Shamsuddin,Afan, Haitham Abdulmohsin,Shiru, Mohammed Sanusi,Al-Ansari, Nadhir,&Yaseen, Zaher Mundher.(2020).Changes in Climatic Water Availability and Crop Water Demand for Iraq Region.SUSTAINABILITY,12(8). |
| MLA | Salman, Saleem A.,et al."Changes in Climatic Water Availability and Crop Water Demand for Iraq Region".SUSTAINABILITY 12.8(2020). |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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