干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 控水对饲草作物间作群体产量、根冠比及水分利用效率的影响

Arid

	控水对饲草作物间作群体产量、根冠比及水分利用效率的影响
其他题名	Effects of water supply on biomass yield,root/shoot ratio and water use efficiency of forage crops in intercropping systems
	刘亚男; 来兴发; 杨倩; 王自奎
来源期刊	应用生态学报
ISSN	1001-9332
出版年	2020
卷号	31 期号:1 页码:113-121
中文摘要	黄土高原半湿润易旱区降水资源短缺且年际分配不均,研究水分供应对饲草作物生长的影响对该区饲草栽培具有重要的指导意义。在遮雨棚中采用盆栽控水的方法,研究了箭筈豌豆单作、燕麦单作、饲用玉米单作、燕麦/箭筈豌豆间作、燕麦/饲用玉米间作5种种植模式在高水(70%田间持水量)、中水(55%田间持水量)、低水(40%田间持水量)3个供水水平下的群体产量、根冠比以及水分利用效率。结果表明:在高、中、低3个供水水平下,燕麦/箭筈豌豆间作群体的土地当量比分别为1.20、1.21和1.19,燕麦/饲用玉米间作群体的土地当量比分别为1.17、1.11和1.03,均表现为间作优势。同一供水水平下,5种种植模式中单作饲用玉米总干物质产量最高,单作箭筈豌豆最低。单作燕麦的干物质产量和粗蛋白产量均随水分供应量的减少而增加,而单作箭筈豌豆和单作玉米则表现出相反的趋势。在个体水平上,间作提高了燕麦干物质产量和粗蛋白产量,而降低了箭筈豌豆和饲用玉米的产量,燕麦表现为间作优势。燕麦/箭筈豌豆间作群体干物质产量在中水和低水处理下比高水处理分别增加4.1%和4.8%,但差异不显著;而燕麦/饲用玉米间作群体干物质产量在中水和低水处理比高水处理分别显著降低8.0%和13.0%。燕麦/箭筈豌豆间作群体的根冠比在中水和低水处理下分别比高水处理显著增加33.4%和58.4%,中水和低水处理显著降低了燕麦/饲用玉米间作群体的根冠比。燕麦/箭筈豌豆间作群体的水分利用效率在中水和低水处理下分别比高水处理显著增加11.7%和12.9%,而燕麦/饲用玉米间作群体的水分利用效率在中水和低水处理下与高水处理相比变化不显著。单作玉米和燕麦/饲用玉米间作群体的产量较高,但其对水分变化较为敏感、产量稳定性差,燕麦/箭筈豌豆间作群体在水分变化条件下产量稳定、粗蛋白产量占优、水分利用效率较高,建议在研究区使用。
英文摘要	Rainfall is limited and unevenly distributed across different seasons in the sub-humid but drought-prone area on Loess Plateau,China.Understanding the effects of water supply on the growth of forage crops is of great significance for guiding forage cultivation.Pot experiment was carried out in a shelter in this study.There were five cropping patterns,including monoculture of common vetch,oat and maize,oat/common vetch intercropping,and oat/maize intercropping.There were three water supply levels,including high (low limit of 70% field capacity),medium (low limit of 55% of field capacity) and low (low limit of 40% of field capacity) water.The results showed that land equivalent ratio in the oat/common vetch intercropping group were 1.20,1.21 and 1.19 at the high,medium and low water supply levels,respectively,and those in the oat/maize intercropping were 1.17,1.11 and 1.03.Such results indicate that all of the intercropping systems had yield advantages compared with all monoculture.Among the five planting patterns under the same water supply level,the total dry matter yield of maize monoculture was the highest,and that of common vetch monoculture was the lowest.Yields of dry matter and crude protein of oat increased with the decreases of water supply,while common vetch and corn monoculture showed opposite trends.On per plant basis,intercropping increased dry matter yield and crude protein yield of oat,while decreased the yield of common vetch and maize,oat showed an intercropping advantage.Compared with the high water treatment,dry matter yield of the oat/common vetch intercropping increased insignificantly by 4.1% and 4.8% respectively compared with that in the treatments of medium water and low water,whereas dry matter yield of the oat/maize intercropping was significantly reduced by 8.0% and 13.0% respectively.Compared with high water treatment,root/shoot ratio of the oat/common vetch intercropping was significantly increased by 33.4% and 58.4% under the treatments of medium and low water respectively.However,medium and low water supply significantly reduced root/shoot ratio in the oat/maize intercropping.Compared with high water treatment,water use efficiency of the oat/common vetch intercropping significantly increased by 11.7% and 12.9% under the treatments of medium and low water respectively,while water use efficiency of oat/maize intercropping was not affected by water application.In summary,yield of forage maize monoculture and oat/forage maize intercropping were higher,but they were sensitive to water shortage and had low yield stability.Under insufficient water conditions,yield stability,crude protein production and water use efficiency in oat/common vetch intercropping system were greater.Consequently,we suggest this system should be used in the study area.
中文关键词	饲草作物 ; 间作群体 ; 粗蛋白产量 ; 根冠比 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	forage crop intercropping system crude protein yield root/shoot water use efficiency
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6675640
来源机构	兰州大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/318467
作者单位	兰州大学草地农业科技学院/草业科学国家级实验教学示范中心, 草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘亚男,来兴发,杨倩,等. 控水对饲草作物间作群体产量、根冠比及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 兰州大学,2020,31(1):113-121.
APA	刘亚男,来兴发,杨倩,&王自奎.(2020).控水对饲草作物间作群体产量、根冠比及水分利用效率的影响.应用生态学报,31(1),113-121.
MLA	刘亚男,et al."控水对饲草作物间作群体产量、根冠比及水分利用效率的影响".应用生态学报 31.1(2020):113-121.