干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆半干旱区不同豆科/禾本科牧草混播草地生产力的变化研究

Arid

	新疆半干旱区不同豆科/禾本科牧草混播草地生产力的变化研究
其他题名	Change in productivity of swards of different forage legume and grass species monocultures and combinations in the semi-arid region of Xinjiang Province
	谢开云 1; 曹凯 1; 万江春 1; 王玉祥 1; 赵云 2; 朱进忠 1
来源期刊	草业学报
ISSN	1004-5759
出版年	2020
卷号	29 期号:4 页码:29-40
中文摘要	混播草地竞争和促进关系是影响生产力和稳定性的重要因素,最终都通过牧草干物质产量以及草地物种的组成变化等指标表现出来。研究选择当地生产最常用的4种牧草无芒雀麦、鸭茅、红豆草、红三叶,以单播为对照,通过对2种豆/禾和3种牧草组合的混播草地牧草产量及物种组成变化进行长期监测,分析混播草地生产力的变化以及影响其稳定性的因素。结果表明:不论是单播还是混播,刈割干物质产量在年际间均表现为2017年高于2018年。放牧干物质产量在年际间均表现为2018年显著高于2017和2016年,鸭茅/红三叶混播草地除外。对2种牧草混播草地各物种干物质产量、密度及粗蛋白贡献的比例分析,从2016年到2018年,无芒雀麦干物质产量和密度所占比例均显著增加,鸭茅和红三叶干物质产量和密度所占比例均显著下降。红豆草与无芒雀麦混播时逐步降低,而与鸭茅混播时显著增加。3种牧草混播草地中,无芒雀麦和红豆草干物质产量和密度所占的比例显著增加,红三叶和鸭茅干物质产量和密度所占比例显著降低。综上所述,干旱区混播草地年际间干物质产量的消长变化主要取决于年均降水量和牧草的适应性。从混播草地干物质产量和密度的变化来看,随着年限增加,无芒雀麦和红豆草在混播草地中逐渐占据优势,鸭茅和红三叶在混播草地中逐渐处于劣势,且有消退的趋势。
英文摘要	The inter-species competitive and mutualistic relationships in mixed-species grassland are important to grassland productivity and stability.Ultimately,the cumulative effect of such factors is expressed by indicators such as yield and change in botanical composition in mixed-species grassland.In this study,monocultures of four most commonly sown forage species,smooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis),orchard grass(Dactylis glomerata),sainfoin(Onobrychis viciifolia)and red clover(Trifolium pratense),were established as controls,and the forage yields and changes in species composition of two-species combinations(one legume and one grass)and three-species combinations were monitored for three years,and changes in productivity and factors affecting sward stability were analysed.For both monoculture and mixed-species swards,the biomass as hay was higher in 2017 than in 2018.The grazing biomass yields of mixed-species grassland were also significantly higher in 2018 than in 2017 and 2016,except for mixed-species swards of orchard grass and red clover.From 2016 to 2018,the proportion of biomass and density of smooth bromegrass increased significantly,and the proportion of biomass and density of orchard grass and red clover decreased significantly.The proportion of biomass and density of sainfoin gradually increased when sown with smooth bromegrass,but it gradually decreased when sown with orchard grass.In mixed-species swards of three forages,the proportions of biomass and density of smooth bromegrass and sainfoin increased significantly,while those of red clover and orchard grass decreased significantly.In summary,the variation of biomass over three years in mixed-species grassland in the arid conditions of this experiment was found to depend mainly on the annual average rainfall and the adaptability of the species present.From the changes in biomass and density observed in mixed-species swards,over time,smooth bromegrass and sainfoin gradually dominated while orchard grass and red clover were gradually lost and may disappear entirely in the longer term when included in mixed-species sowings in this region.
中文关键词	混播草地 ; 生产力 ; 蛋白质产量 ; 豆科牧草 ; 禾本科牧草
英文关键词	mixed-culture grassland productivity protein yield legume grass
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6689694
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/318416
作者单位	1.新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院, 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830052, 中国; 2.中国牧工商集团有限公司, 北京 100070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	谢开云,曹凯,万江春,等. 新疆半干旱区不同豆科/禾本科牧草混播草地生产力的变化研究[J],2020,29(4):29-40.
APA	谢开云,曹凯,万江春,王玉祥,赵云,&朱进忠.(2020).新疆半干旱区不同豆科/禾本科牧草混播草地生产力的变化研究.草业学报,29(4),29-40.
MLA	谢开云,et al."新疆半干旱区不同豆科/禾本科牧草混播草地生产力的变化研究".草业学报 29.4(2020):29-40.