干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 长江上游高温伏旱区气象因子对杂交中稻产量与稻米品质的影响

Arid

	长江上游高温伏旱区气象因子对杂交中稻产量与稻米品质的影响
其他题名	Effects of meteorological factors on yield and quality of mid-season hybrid rice in a high temperature and drought area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River
	徐富贤; 刘茂; 周兴兵; 郭晓艺; 张林; 蒋鹏; 朱永川; 熊洪
来源期刊	应用与环境生物学报
ISSN	1006-687X
出版年	2020
卷号	26 期号:1 页码:106-116
中文摘要	为探明长江上游高温伏旱区水稻不同种植季节影响产量和品质的关键气象因子,以生育期不同的3个杂交中稻品种川作优8727、德优727、天优华占为材料,研究水稻不同生育阶段的气象因子对产量与品质的影响.结果表明,随着播种期推迟,生育期逐渐缩短,3个品种全生育期从最早3月5日播种的139-150 d,缩短到最迟5月24日播种的106-115 d,缩短了23.33%-23.74%.齐穗期的比叶重、叶面积指数和地上部干物重,成熟期的叶面积指数、地上部干物重和收获指数,产量及其相关性状分别在5个播种期间和3个品种间的差异均达显著或极显著水平.干物质、穗粒结构、生育期对产量贡献的决定程度高达96.17%-99.99%.3月5日、3月25日、4月14日播期显著比5月4日和5月24日播期的产量增产,以4月14日播期产量最高,分别比5月4日和5月24日播期增产26.43%和22.01%.品种间以生育期较长的天优华占最高,分别比川作优8727和德优727增产7.71%和8.48%.气象因子对产量及其相关性状的决定系数高达97.93%-100%.移栽-拔节的相对湿度低有利于迟熟品种高产,拔节-始穗日平均气温低则有利于中早熟品种高产.随着播种期推迟,糙米率、整精米率、长宽比、蛋白质4个指标呈增加趋势,而垩白度、垩白粒率、胶稠度则呈下降趋势.稻米品质指标受气象因子影响的决定系数高达99.75%-100%.因此,长江上游高温伏旱区气象因子对水稻产量及其相关性状和稻米品质有显著影响,但其主效因子因水稻品种而异.
英文摘要	To explore the key meteorological factors affecting rice yield and quality during different planting seasons in a high temperature and drought area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,the effects of meteorological factors were studied using three hybrid rice varieties:Chuanzuoyou 8727,Deyou727,and Tianyouhuazhan,in the field.As the seeding time was delayed,the growth period decreased gradually and the total growth period of three rice varieties was shortened from 139-150 d in the earliest sown variety (sown on March 5) to 106-115 d in variety sown on May 24a shortening of 23.33%- 23.74%.There were significant differences in the ratio of leaf dry matter weight to leaf area,leaf area index,and dry matter weight of the ground cover at full heading,and leaf area index,dry matter weight,and yield and its related traits at maturity for the five sowing periods and three varieties.The contribution of dry matter,panicle-spikelet structures,and growth period on yield was up to 96.17%-99.99%.The yield during the sowing period on March 5,March 25,and April 14 were significantly higher than that on May 4 and May 24,with the highest yield obtained on April 14,which was higher by 26.43% and 22.01% than that on May 4 and May 24,respectively.Tianyouhuazhan had the longest growth period,which was 7.71% and 8.48% higher than that of Chuanzuoyou 8727 and Deyou727,respectively.The determination coefficient of meteorological factors on yield and its related traits was 97.93%-100%.Low relative humidity from the transplanting to the jointing stage and low average daily temperature from the jointing to the initial heading stage induced a high yield of the late maturing and medium-early maturing varieties,respectively.As the planting period was delayed,the brown rice rate,head rice rate,length-width ratio,and protein content increased,whereas chalkiness,chalky grain rate,and gel consistency showed a decreasing trend.The rice quality of Tianyouhuazhan was the best of the three varieties.The determination coefficient of the effects of meteorological factors on rice quality index was up to 99.75%-100%.Thus,the meteorological factors of high temperature and drought in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River have a significant influence on rice yield and its related traits as well as on rice quality;however,its main effect factor is different for different rice varieties.
中文关键词	长江上游 ; 杂交中稻 ; 气象因子 ; 产量 ; 品质
英文关键词	Upper Yangtze River hybrid rice meteorological factor yield rice quality
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6682314
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/318407
作者单位	四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所, 农业部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室;;作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室, 德阳, 四川 618000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	徐富贤,刘茂,周兴兵,等. 长江上游高温伏旱区气象因子对杂交中稻产量与稻米品质的影响[J],2020,26(1):106-116.
APA	徐富贤.,刘茂.,周兴兵.,郭晓艺.,张林.,...&熊洪.(2020).长江上游高温伏旱区气象因子对杂交中稻产量与稻米品质的影响.应用与环境生物学报,26(1),106-116.
MLA	徐富贤,et al."长江上游高温伏旱区气象因子对杂交中稻产量与稻米品质的影响".应用与环境生物学报 26.1(2020):106-116.