干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黄河菌草生态安全屏障建设的研究与应用

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	黄河菌草生态安全屏障建设的研究与应用
其他题名	Constructing an ecological barrier by Juncao along the Yellow River and its industrial applicaton
	林占熺; 苏德伟; 林辉; 林兴生; 林冬梅; 郑丹; 蔡杨星; 余世葵; 罗宗志
来源期刊	福建农林大学学报. 自然科学版
ISSN	1671-5470
出版年	2019
卷号	48 期号:6 页码:803-812
中文摘要	针对黄河流域不同类型的生态脆弱问题,在黄河上、中、下游的洪积扇区、沙漠区、砒砂岩区、河滩地水土流失区、盐碱地开展菌草生态治理研究与应用.结果表明,高寒地区菌草生态治理后,植被恢复快.巨菌草生长92 d,鲜草产量达到178.05 t·hm~(-2),鲜根重31.35 t·hm~(-2);洪积扇扇缘鲜草产量达到162.45 t·hm~(-2),鲜根重26.85 t·hm~(-2),洪积扇区域地表水的流失量比对照(CK)下降97.45%;流动沙地菌草生态治理后,巨菌草生长55 d,即可有效重建沙地植被,其根系形成网络状,防风阻沙固沙效果显著.巨菌草作为饲用作物栽培,鲜草产量达183.45 t·hm~(-2).砒砂岩菌草生态治理后,绿洲1号、巨菌草成苗率分别为98.8%、93.5%,显著高于沙棘、杨柳、杨树.巨菌草植被恢复效果最好,鲜草产量达到62.25 t·hm~(-2),鲜根重13.05 t·hm~(-2),有效减缓砒砂岩区水土流失、沟头发育.黄土高原黄土阶地区河滩地水土流失菌草生态治理后,绿洲1号种植2 a后,越冬成活率达到98%,株高616.73 cm,平均分蘖44.35个,鲜草产量173.1 t·hm~(-2),能发挥长效的保水固土作用.黄河下游冲积平原菌草改良盐碱地效果明显,pH降低,有机质、全氮、全磷、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶和脲酶含量升高,河滩地菌草植被恢复效果好,菌草生长121 d,收割2茬,鲜草产量达269.25 t·hm~(-2).系列研究成果表明,在黄河沿岸建设菌草生态屏障技术切实可行.
英文摘要	Faced with the challenge of ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River,ecological restoration and management by the cultivations of Juncao were carried out in the alpine area,diluvial fan area,flooding/erosion area,and saline/alkali area along the Yellow River.The results showed that Juncao grown in the alpine region recovered rapidly.It grew for 92 d,and yielded 178.05 t·hm~(-2) fresh grass and 31.35 t·hm~(-2) fresh root.In the diluvial fan areas,Juncao also produced 162.45 t·hm~(-2) fresh grass and 26.85 t·hm~(-2) fresh root,reducing surface water loss by 97.45% in comparison to the control.Although Juncao only grew for 55 d in the shifting sandy region,it was sufficient for vegetation restoration as its root system had been well established,which provided excellent windbreak and sand-fixing functions.Not the least,Juncao also yielded 183.45 t·hm~(-2) fresh grass as fodder crop in this region.In the sandstone area,seedling rates of oasis No.1 and Juncao reached 98.8% and 93.5%,respectively,which were significantly higher than that of seabuckthorn,willow and poplar.Among all,vegetation recovery effect of Juncao was the best,producing 62.25 t·hm~(-2) fresh grass and 13.05 t·hm~(-2) fresh root,which effectively mitigated soil erosion and the development of erosion gully.In the floodplain of the Loess Plateau,the wintering survival rate of Oasis No.1 reached 98% after 2-year development.The matured grass reached 616.73 cm,and produced averagely 44.35 tillers and 173.1 t·hm~(-2) grass.In the alluvial plain in the lower reach of the Yellow River,Juncao grass also effectively improved the saline/alkali soil with declined soil pH and increased levels of total organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,catalase,polyphenol oxidase and ureas.Juncao grass grew for 121 d and yielded 269.25 t·hm~(-2) within 2 harvests.In conclusion,cultivation of Juncao proved to be an effective and practical tool to restore an ecological barrier along the Yellow River.
中文关键词	菌草 ; 黄河生态安全屏障 ; 生态治理
英文关键词	Juncao the Yellow River ecological security barrier ecological governance
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS LABOR
WOS研究方向	Business & Economics
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6630627
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/316282
作者单位	福建农林大学, 国家菌草工程技术研究中心, 福州, 福建 350002, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	林占熺,苏德伟,林辉,等. 黄河菌草生态安全屏障建设的研究与应用[J],2019,48(6):803-812.
APA	林占熺.,苏德伟.,林辉.,林兴生.,林冬梅.,...&罗宗志.(2019).黄河菌草生态安全屏障建设的研究与应用.福建农林大学学报. 自然科学版,48(6),803-812.
MLA	林占熺,et al."黄河菌草生态安全屏障建设的研究与应用".福建农林大学学报. 自然科学版 48.6(2019):803-812.