干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 秸秆带状覆盖对半干旱雨养区冬小麦耗水特征和产量的影响

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	秸秆带状覆盖对半干旱雨养区冬小麦耗水特征和产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of bundled straw mulching on water consumption characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat in rain-fed semiarid region
	常磊 1; 韩凡香 2; 柴雨葳 1; 包正育 1; 程宏波 3; 黄彩霞 4; 杨德龙 3; 柴守玺 1
来源期刊	应用生态学报
ISSN	1001-9332
出版年	2019
卷号	30 期号:12 页码:4150-4158
中文摘要	为探索半干旱雨养区小麦高产高效的覆盖种植技术新途径,于20132015年连续进行定位试验,设秸秆带状覆盖3行(覆盖带和种植带各30 cm,播种3行,SM_1)、秸秆带状覆盖4行(覆盖带和种植带各40 cm,播种4行,SM_2)、秸秆带状覆盖5行(覆盖带和种植带各50 cm,播种5行,SM_3)、全膜覆土穴播(PMF)、不覆盖露地(CK) 5个处理,研究不同覆盖方式对西北雨养区冬小麦的耗水特性、产量和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:覆盖能显著改善作物土壤墒情,秸秆带状覆盖处理的土壤墒情好于地膜覆盖处理,且SM_1 >SM_2 >SM_3,0 ~ 2 m土壤贮水量在小麦开花期分别平均比CK高15.4%~20.8%、11.2%~14.7%和10.1%~ 14.5%;秸秆带状覆盖显著提高了生育期耗水量,降低了播种至开花阶段耗水量,增加了开花至成熟阶段耗水量及其占总耗水量的比例;覆盖会提高小麦对120 cm以下深层贮水的调用比例.与CK相比,秸秆带状覆盖和地膜覆盖处理籽粒产量分别显著增加11.9%~19.5%和26.9%~ 27.1%,水分利用效率分别显著提高9.8%~ 13.9%和18.4%~ 22.0%.因此,秸秆带状覆盖种植模式有利于降低冬小麦前期耗水比例,改善土壤墒情,显著提高冬小麦籽粒产量和水分利用效率,是适宜于西北黄土高原半干旱区冬小麦的绿色种植技术.
英文摘要	To explore a new technique of planting wheat with high yield and efficiency by mulching technology in rain-fed semiarid regions in Northwest China,a two-year fixed-site trail was conducted during 2013-2015.There were five mulching modes:(1) three sowing rows by bundled straw mulching with alternating 30-cm-wide mulching belt and planting belt (SM_1),(2) four sowing rows by bundled straw mulching with alternating 40-cm-wide mulching belt and planting belt with (SM_2),(3) five sowing rows by bundled straw mulching with alternating 50-cm-wide mulching belt and planting belt (SM_3),(4) whole plastic film mulching with dibbling (PMF),(5) bare field planting without any mulching (CK).We examined the effects of different mulching modes on water consumption,water use efficiency (WUE),and yield of winter wheat in rain-fed region in Northwest China.The results showed that bundled straw mulching significantly increased soil water storage.Soil water storage with bundled straw mulching was remarkably higher than that with the whole plastic mul-ching with SM_1>SM_2>SM_3.Soil water storage at 0-200 cm soil layer in flowering period was increased by 15.4%-20.8%,11.2%-14.7%and 10.1%-14.5% respectively over that in the bare field.Bundled straw mulching significantly increased water consumption during the whole growing period while reduced water consumption from sowing and flowering periods.Further,it increased water consumption from flowering to maturity periods and the ratio of water consumption during this period to the total water consumption during the whole growing periods.The results showed that mulching could increase the consumption ratio of deep water storage from the soil layer below 120 cm.Compared with CK,PMF and SM significantly increased grain yield and water use efficiency by 11.9%-19.5%,26.9%-27.1%,respectively,and increased water use efficiency by 9.8%-13.9%,18.4%-22.0% respectively.In all,bundled straw mulching could reduce water consumption ratio in the early growing periods,improve moisture condition,increase grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat.Therefore,we concluded that bundled straw mulching is an environment-friendly cultivation technology suitable for the winter wheat in semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau in Northwest China.
中文关键词	玉米秸秆 ; 带状覆盖 ; 地膜覆盖 ; 土壤蓄水量 ; 冬小麦产量 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	maize straw strip covering plastic film mulching soil water storage winter wheat yield water use efficiency
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6629733
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/316151
作者单位	1.甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 2.兰州城市学院地理与环境工程学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 3.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 4.甘肃农业大学工学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	常磊,韩凡香,柴雨葳,等. 秸秆带状覆盖对半干旱雨养区冬小麦耗水特征和产量的影响[J],2019,30(12):4150-4158.
APA	常磊.,韩凡香.,柴雨葳.,包正育.,程宏波.,...&柴守玺.(2019).秸秆带状覆盖对半干旱雨养区冬小麦耗水特征和产量的影响.应用生态学报,30(12),4150-4158.
MLA	常磊,et al."秸秆带状覆盖对半干旱雨养区冬小麦耗水特征和产量的影响".应用生态学报 30.12(2019):4150-4158.