干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黄土高原半湿润农作区春玉米土壤环境和产量对种植方式的响应

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	黄土高原半湿润农作区春玉米土壤环境和产量对种植方式的响应
其他题名	Response of Spring Maize Soil Environment and Yield to Planting Patterns in Semi-humid Region of the Loess Plateau
	邓浩亮 1; 张恒嘉 1; 田建良 1; 肖让 1; 张永玲 1; 李福强 2; 王玉才 2
来源期刊	水土保持学报
ISSN	1009-2242
出版年	2019
卷号	33 期号:5 页码:257-265
中文摘要	为探讨黄土高原半湿润易旱区不同种植方式对土壤水热环境及春玉米生长动态变化,于2017 2018年在甘肃华亭农技推广中心开展田间定位试验,设平地全膜覆盖(WM)、平地半膜覆盖(HM)、隔沟覆膜垄播(MRM)、全膜双垄沟播(WRF)、秸秆覆盖(SM)和露地平播(CK)6种种植方式,测定分析了春玉米各生育时期土层剖面水热状况、作物生长特征及收获期作物产量与构成因子。结果表明:覆盖种植方式对土壤温度的调节主要表现在苗期,地膜覆盖处理较CK具有增温效应,全生育期土壤平均增温1.44~2.62 ℃,而SM表现为降温效应,平均降温0.51℃;MRM、WRF、HM和SM在春玉米整个生育期内保墒效果显著,而WM不利于降水收集,仅在春玉米生长前期具有保墒效果,而在中后期随作物耗水增加,土壤含水率低于CK;地膜覆盖种植方式较CK均可提高春玉米产量和水分利用效率,其中以WRF和MRM效果最为显著,产量和水分利用效率较CK分别提高32.96%,17.12%和33.45%,18.66%,而SM表现出减产效应,较对照分别降低11.84%和9.93%。综合考虑土壤水热环境、春玉米生长特征、产量、水分利用效率等指标,黄土高原半湿润易旱区最佳种植方式为隔沟覆膜垄播种植方式。研究结果为黄土高原半湿润易旱区合理地选择覆盖耕作措施提供理论依据,同时对农田可持续性具有重要意义。
英文摘要	In order to explore the dynamic changes of soil hydrothermal environment and spring maize growth under different planting patterns in semi-humid and drought-prone areas of the Loess Plateau,field positioning experiments were carried out in Huating Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Gansu from 2017 to 2018,and six planting patterns were set up,which were flat seedbed with film mulching(WM),flat seedbed with half film mulching(HM),ridge-furrow with polyethylene film and straw mulching(MRM),ridgefurrow with full film mulching(WRF),ridge-furrow with straw mulching(SM)and flat seedbed without mulching(CK),and the water and heat status of soil profiles in different fertility period of spring maize, crop growth characteristics,crop yield and components during harvest period were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the regulation of mulching planting pattern on soil temperature was mainly manifested in the seedling stage.The film mulching treatment had a warming effect compared with CK.During the whole growth period,the average soil temperature increased by 1.44~2.62℃,while the SM showed a cooling effect,with an average temperature lowering of 0.51℃.MRM,WRF,HM and SM had significant effect on moisture conservation during the whole growth period of spring maize.While,WM was not conducive to precipitation collection,it only had the effect of moisture conservation at the early stage of spring maize growth,with the increasing of crop water consumption at the middle and later stages,the soil moisture content was lower than CK.Compared with CK,the mulching method could increase the yield and water use efficiency of spring maize,among them,the WRF and MRM had the most significant effect.The yield and water use efficiency of WRF and MRM increased by 32.96%and 17.12%,33.45%and 18.66%,respectively. SM showed a reduction in yield,which was 11.84%and 9.93%lower than CK.Considering the soil hydrothermal environment,spring maize growth characteristics,yield,water use efficiency and other indicators, the ridge-furrow with polyethylene film and straw mulching was the best planting pattern in the semi-humid and drought-prone areas of the Loess Plateau.This study could provide a theoretical basis for rational selection of cover farming measures in the semi-humid and drought-prone areas of the Loess Plateau,and had important significance for the sustainability of farmland.
中文关键词	种植方式 ; 垄沟集雨 ; 秸秆覆盖 ; 土壤水分 ; 土壤温度 ; 玉米产量 ; 黄土高原
英文关键词	planting methods ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting straw mulching soil moisture soil temperature maize yield the Loess Plateau
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6604688
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/316057
作者单位	1.河西学院土木工程学院, 张掖, 甘肃 734000, 中国; 2.甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	邓浩亮,张恒嘉,田建良,等. 黄土高原半湿润农作区春玉米土壤环境和产量对种植方式的响应[J],2019,33(5):257-265.
APA	邓浩亮.,张恒嘉.,田建良.,肖让.,张永玲.,...&王玉才.(2019).黄土高原半湿润农作区春玉米土壤环境和产量对种植方式的响应.水土保持学报,33(5),257-265.
MLA	邓浩亮,et al."黄土高原半湿润农作区春玉米土壤环境和产量对种植方式的响应".水土保持学报 33.5(2019):257-265.