干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黄土高原苜蓿及后茬作物土壤水分恢复效应及蒸散特征

Arid

	黄土高原苜蓿及后茬作物土壤水分恢复效应及蒸散特征
其他题名	Evapotranspiration and water dynamics of lucerne and following crops in the northwest Loess Plateau
	宋丽萍 1; 牛伊宁 2; 罗珠珠 1; 聂军 2; 李腾飞 2; 李玲玲 2
来源期刊	草业科学
ISSN	1001-0629
出版年	2019
卷号	36 期号:5 页码:1231-1239
中文摘要	黄土高原种植紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)多年后会形成土壤干层,严重影响后茬作物的生长。本研究利用黄土高原建植9年的苜蓿地布设田间试验,研究比较了苜蓿连作(L-L),苜蓿移除后休闲(L-F)或分别种植小麦(Triticum aestivum, L-W)、玉米(Zea mays, L-C)、马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum, L-P)和谷子(Setaria italica, L-M)6种苜蓿-作物种植模式对田间水分蒸散特性的影响及水分动态变化特征。结果表明:苜蓿与作物的轮作中,3年的平均水分利用效率均是苜蓿-马铃薯最高,苜蓿-玉米次之,苜蓿-小麦最低,种植马铃薯和玉米能有效提高作物产量和水分利用效率。苜蓿-玉米处理在高耗水的同时,抑制了土壤棵间蒸发量,显著降低了蒸发与作物耗水量的比率(17.0%),促进了作物的蒸腾作用。经过轮作倒茬后,苜蓿-作物轮作处理下0 -300 cm土层的平均含水量较苜蓿连作增加了18.4%~34.9%,苜蓿-休闲处理对于土壤干层水分的恢复效果最佳,其次为苜蓿-马铃薯。综合水分利用效率和农田水分变化特征,在黄土高原半干旱区种植苜蓿多年后选择休闲或轮作其他作物,以苜蓿-马铃薯和苜蓿-玉米轮作的效果较好。该研究结果也表明,合理的利用土地可以减轻土壤干层在黄土高原的形成和发展。
英文摘要	The formation of a dried soil layer after the long-term cultivation of lucerne (Medicago sativa) in the northwest Loess Plateau, China, could seriously affect the growth of subsequent crops. A field study was conducted to investigate the evapotranspiration and water dynamics of crops cultivated after lucerne production. This study involved the following six treatments: lucerne-lucerne (L-L), lucerne-fallow (L-F), lucerne-wheat (Triticum aestivum, L-W), lucerne-corn (Zea mays, L -C), lucerne-potato (Solanum tuberosum, L -P), and lucerne-millet (Setaria italica, L -M). Average water use efficiency (WUE) was greater in the L-P treatment, followed by the L-C treatment, and was the lowest with the L-W treatment after 3 years of continuous production, indicating that 9-year-old lucerne rotated with potato and corn resulted in higher crop WUE than the other treatments. The L-C treatment had the highest water consumption during the crop growing period; however, it had the lowest evaporation among the different treatments, which decreased the percentage of evaporation of crop total water consumption to 17.0%, which promoted transpiration in the corn crop. Average field water content was increased by 18.4% to 34.9% compared to continuous lucerne in the 0 to 300 cm soil layer depth. The L -F treatment was the best for water restoration among the six treatments, followed by the L-P treatment. Based on the WUE and soil water characteristics, potato and corn are optimal crops for cultivation after lucerne in the northwest Loess Plateau, China. Therefore, optimising land-use management can mitigate the formation of a dried soil layer and assist the development on the northwest Loess Plateau.
中文关键词	黄土高原 ; 草田轮作 ; 水分利用效率 ; 棵间蒸发 ; 土壤干层恢复
英文关键词	loess plateau pasture crop rotation water use efficiency evaporation dried soil layer restoration
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6500223
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/315842
作者单位	1.甘肃农业大学;;甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室;;, 兰州;;兰州, 甘肃;;甘肃 730070;;730070, 中国; 2.甘肃农业大学, 甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	宋丽萍,牛伊宁,罗珠珠,等. 黄土高原苜蓿及后茬作物土壤水分恢复效应及蒸散特征[J],2019,36(5):1231-1239.
APA	宋丽萍,牛伊宁,罗珠珠,聂军,李腾飞,&李玲玲.(2019).黄土高原苜蓿及后茬作物土壤水分恢复效应及蒸散特征.草业科学,36(5),1231-1239.
MLA	宋丽萍,et al."黄土高原苜蓿及后茬作物土壤水分恢复效应及蒸散特征".草业科学 36.5(2019):1231-1239.