干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同膜下滴灌定额对土壤水热效应及甜菜产质量的影响

Arid

	不同膜下滴灌定额对土壤水热效应及甜菜产质量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Mulched Drip Irrigation Quota on Soil Moisture, Soil Temperature, Sugar Beet Yield and Quality
	郭晓霞; 田露; 苏文斌; 樊福义; 黄春燕; 任霄云; 宫前恒; 李智; 菅彩媛
来源期刊	灌溉排水学报
ISSN	1672-3317
出版年	2019
卷号	38 期号:12 页码:1-10
中文摘要	【目的】探究内蒙古半干旱区膜下滴灌甜菜土壤水热高效利用与甜菜提质增效的协同效应,为内蒙古半干旱区甜菜高产高效栽培提供理论依据。【方法】设置8个不同滴灌定额和滴灌频次(A处理滴灌定额450 m~3/hm~2、滴灌1次;B处理滴灌定额900 m~3/hm~2、滴灌2次;C处理滴灌定额1 350 m~3/hm~2、滴灌3次;D处理滴灌定额1 800 m~3/hm~2、滴灌4次;E处理滴灌定额2 250 m~3/hm~2、滴灌5次;F处理滴灌定额2 700 m~3/hm~2、滴灌6次;G处理滴灌定额3 150 m~3/hm~2、滴灌7次;H处理滴灌定额3 600 m~3/hm~2、滴灌8次),动态监测甜菜全生育时期土壤水分和温度,分析行上、行间土壤水热变化,结合甜菜产质量研究膜下不同滴灌定额的水热效应。【结果】各处理出苗稳定后72 h内土壤温度从17:00次日11:00表现为行上>行间;从12:0018:00表现为行间>行上,行上和行间最大土壤温差点分别在06:0007:00和14:0015:00;3 a内土壤有效积温变化规律与日平均土壤含水率变化规律相反,即随土壤积温增加,含水率逐渐降低。以2016年甜菜块根及糖分增长期为例,B、C、D、E、F、G、H处理行上土壤有效积温分别较A处理提高了5.61、 29.11、-23.10、42.68、-10.85、-4.46、-22.79 ℃,B、C、D、E、F、G、H处理行上日平均土壤含水率分别较A处理提高6.96%、11.73%、-1.01%、11.76%、5.19%、22.14%、13.62%;随滴灌定额的增加,甜菜产量增加,含糖率降低,产糖量呈先增后降的趋势,以2016年为例,B、C、D、E、F、G、H处理分别较A处理产量提高4.73%、13.82%、26.38%、29.33%、 31.48%、27.43%、25.78%,产糖量提高5.90%、10.61%、18.07%、20.01%、15.73%、9.78%、4.14%。【结论】在甜菜生长关键期进行适宜的滴灌可有效地提高土壤水热效应,最佳滴灌定额为1 800~2 250 m~3/hm~2,滴灌次数为4~5次,促进滴灌条件下甜菜产质量水平提升。
英文摘要	【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to explore the synergistic effects of mulched drip irrigation quota on soil moisture soil temperature, sugar beet yield and quality in semiarid area of Inner Mongolia, and provide theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency cultivation of sugar beet in this area.【Method】Eight drip irrigation frequencies and irrigation amounts were set up, including treatment A which irrigation amount is 450 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is one, treatment B which irrigation amount is 900 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is two, treatment C which irrigation amount is 1 350 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is three, treatment D which irrigation amount is 1 800 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is four, treatment E which irrigation amount is 2 250 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is five, treatment F which irrigation amount is 2 700 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is six, treatment G which irrigation amount is 3 150 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is seven, and treatment H which irrigation amount is 3 600 m~3/hm~2 and irrigation frequency is eight. The soil water and temperature were dynamically monitored during the whole growth period of sugar beet, variation of soil water and temperature were analyzed, and combined with the analysis of sugar yield and quality, effects of mulched drip irrigation quota were studied.【Result】From 17:00 to 11:00 on the next day, soil temperature inside film was higher than that of outside film, but from 12:00 to 18:00, soil temperature outside film was higher than that of inside film. The lowest temperature appeared at 06:0007:00, the highest temperature appeared at 14:00―15:00, this showed the same between inside and outside film. During the three years, soil effective accumulated temperature showed an opposite variation with soil water content, with the increasing of water content, soil effective accumulated temperature decreased. Taking root tuber and sugar growth period of 2016 as an example, the effective accumulated soil temperature increased by 5.61, 29.11, -23.10, 42.68, -10.85, -4.46, -22.79 ℃, the daily average soil moisture inside film of treatment B, C, D, E, F, G, H was increased by 6.96%, 11.73%, -1.01%, 11.76%, 5.19%, 22.14%, 13.62% than that of treatment A. During the growth stage of sugar beet, with the increasing of drip irrigation frequencies, yield increased, sugar content decreased and the sugar yield showed a first increased and then decreased trend. Taking 2016 as an example, the yield of treatment B, C, D, E, F, G, H increased by 4.73%, 13.82%, 26.38%, 29.33%, 31.48%, 27.43%, 25.78% than that of treatment A, the sugar yield increased by 5.90%, 10.61%, 18.07%, 20.01%, 15.73%, 9.78%, 4.14%.【Conclusion】Drip irrigation at the suitable and key growth stage of sugar beet can improve soil water and thermal effect, and the best irrigation amount is 1 800 m~3/hm~2 to 2 250 m~3/hm~2, irrigation time is 4 to 5. And at last the water use efficiency and cumulative temperature production efficiency can be increased, this also can promote the increasing of sugar yield and quality. This study provides theoretical basis for the water efficient utilization and stable development of sugar beet in semiarid area of Inner Mongolia.
中文关键词	甜菜 ; 滴灌频次 ; 滴灌量 ; 水热效应 ; 产质量
英文关键词	sugar beet mulched drip irrigation frequency irrigation amount soil water and thermal effect yield and quality
语种	中文
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6647491
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/315763
作者单位	内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院特色作物研究所, 呼和浩特, 内蒙古 010031, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郭晓霞,田露,苏文斌,等. 不同膜下滴灌定额对土壤水热效应及甜菜产质量的影响[J],2019,38(12):1-10.
APA	郭晓霞.,田露.,苏文斌.,樊福义.,黄春燕.,...&菅彩媛.(2019).不同膜下滴灌定额对土壤水热效应及甜菜产质量的影响.灌溉排水学报,38(12),1-10.
MLA	郭晓霞,et al."不同膜下滴灌定额对土壤水热效应及甜菜产质量的影响".灌溉排水学报 38.12(2019):1-10.