干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile

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DOI	10.3389/feart.2020.00040
	Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile
	Kinnard, Christophe 1; Ginot, Patrick 2; Surazakov, Arzhan 3; MacDonell, Shelley 3; Nicholson, Lindsey 4; Patris, Nicolas 5; Rabatel, Antoine 2; Rivera, Andres 6; Squeo, Francisco A.3,7
通讯作者	Kinnard, Christophe
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
EISSN	2296-6463
出版年	2020
卷号	8
英文摘要	Glaciers in the dry Chilean Andes provide important ecological services, yet their mass balance response to past and ongoing climate change has been little studied. This study examines the recent (2002-2015), historical (1955-2005), and past (<1900) mass balance history of the high-altitude Guanaco Glacier (29.34 degrees S, >5000 m), using a combination of glaciological, geodetic, and ice core observations. Mass balance has been predominantly negative since 2002. Analysis of mass balance and meteorological data since 2002 suggests that mass balance is currently mostly sensitive to precipitation variations, while low temperatures, aridity and high solar radiation and wind speeds cause large sublimation losses and limited melting. Mass balance reconstructed by geodetic methods shows that Guanaco Glacier has been losing mass since at least 1955, and that mass loss has increased over time until present. An ice core recovered from the deepest part of the glacier in 2008 revealed that the glacier is cold-based with a -5.5 degrees C basal temperature and a warm reversal of the temperature profile above 60-m depth attributed to the recent atmospheric warming trend. Detailed stratigraphic and stable isotope analyses of the upper 20 m of the core revealed seasonal cycles in the delta O-18 and delta H-2 records with periods varying between 0.5 and 3 m. w.e. a(-1). Deuterium excess values larger than 10 parts per thousand suggest limited post-depositional sublimation, while the presence of numerous refrozen ice layers indicate significant summer melt. Tritium concentration in the upper 20 m of the core was very low, while Pb-210 was undetected, indicating that the glacier surface in 2008 was at least 100 years old. Taken together, these results suggest that Guanaco Glacier formed under drastically different climate conditions than today, with humid conditions causing high accumulation rates, reduced sublimation and increased melting. Reconstruction of mass balance based on correlations with precipitation and streamflow records show periods of sustained mass gain in the early 20th century and the 1980s, separated by periods of mass loss. The southern migration of the South Pacific Subtropical High over the course of the 20th and 21st centuries is proposed as the main mechanism explaining the progressive precipitation starvation of glaciers in this area.
英文关键词	glacier mass balance geodetic mass balance ice core dry Andes climate change stable isotopes sublimation drought
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Canada ; France ; Chile ; Austria
开放获取类型	Green Published, gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000525106900001
WOS关键词	SOUTH-AMERICA ; REGIONAL CLIMATE ; PASCUA-LAMA ; DRY ANDES ; ICE CORES ; SNOW ; PRECIPITATION ; VARIABILITY ; SUBLIMATION ; IMPACT
WOS类目	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Geology
来源机构	French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/314539
作者单位	1.Univ Quebec Trois Rivieres, Dept Sci Environm, Canada Res Chair Cryosphere Hydrol, Trois Rivieres, PQ, Canada; 2.Univ Grenoble Alpes, Inst Geosci Environm, Grenoble INP, CNRS,IRD, Grenoble, France; 3.Ctr Estudios Avanzados Zonas Aridss, La Serena, Chile; 4.Inst Atmospher & Cryospher Sci, Innsbruck, Austria; 5.Univ Montpellier, CNRS, HydroSci Montpellier HSM, IRD, Montpellier, France; 6.Univ Chile, Dept Geog, Santiago, Chile; 7.Univ La Serena, Inst Ecol & Biodiversidad, La Serena, Chile
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kinnard, Christophe,Ginot, Patrick,Surazakov, Arzhan,et al. Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile[J]. French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development,2020,8.
APA	Kinnard, Christophe.,Ginot, Patrick.,Surazakov, Arzhan.,MacDonell, Shelley.,Nicholson, Lindsey.,...&Squeo, Francisco A..(2020).Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile.FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE,8.
MLA	Kinnard, Christophe,et al."Mass Balance and Climate History of a High-Altitude Glacier, Desert Andes of Chile".FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE 8(2020).