干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Small-scale water deficits after wildfires create long-lasting ecological impacts

Arid

DOI	10.1088/1748-9326/ab79e4
	Small-scale water deficits after wildfires create long-lasting ecological impacts
	O'; Connor, Rory C.1; Germino, Matthew J.1; Barnard, David M.1,2; Andrews, Caitlin M.3; Bradford, John B.3; Pilliod, David S.1; Arkle, Robert S.1; Shriver, Robert K.4
通讯作者	Germino, Matthew J.
来源期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
ISSN	1748-9326
出版年	2020
卷号	15 期号:4
英文摘要	Ecological droughts are deficits in soil-water availability that induce threshold-like ecosystem responses, such as causing altered or degraded plant-community conditions, which can be exceedingly difficult to reverse. However, 'ecological drought' can be difficult to define, let alone to quantify, especially at spatial and temporal scales relevant to land managers. This is despite a growing need to integrate drought-related factors into management decisions as climate changes result in precipitation instability in many semi-arid ecosystems. We asked whether success in restoration seedings of the foundational species big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) was related to estimated water deficit, using the SoilWat2 model and data from >600 plots located in previously burned areas in the western United States. Water deficit was characterized by: (1) the standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI), a coarse-scale drought index, and (2) the number of days with wet and warm conditions in the near-surface soil, where seeds and seedlings germinate and emerge (i.e. days with 0-5 cm deep soil water potential >-2.5 MPa and temperature above 0 degrees C). SPEI, a widely used drought index, was not predictive of whether sagebrush had reestablished. In contrast, wet-warm days elicited a critical drought threshold response, with successfully reestablished sites having experienced seven more wet-warm days than unsuccessful sites during the first March following summer wildfire and restoration. Thus, seemingly small-scale and short-term changes in water availability and temperature can contribute to major ecosystem shifts, as many of these sites remained shrubless two decades later. These findings help clarify the definition of ecological drought for a foundational species and its imperiled semi-arid ecosystem. Drought is well known to affect the occurrence of wildfires, but drought in the year(s) after fire can determine whether fire causes long-lasting, negative impacts on ecosystems.
英文关键词	water deficit ecological drought sagebrush fire seeding
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	USA
开放获取类型	gold
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000521450800001
WOS关键词	CLIMATE-CHANGE ; DIE-OFF ; DROUGHT ; MORTALITY ; SAGEBRUSH ; CONSEQUENCES ; RESTORATION ; RECRUITMENT ; RECOVERY ; INSIGHTS
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
来源机构	United States Geological Survey
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/314455
作者单位	1.US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83702 USA; 2.USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA; 3.US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA; 4.Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	O',Connor, Rory C.,Germino, Matthew J.,et al. Small-scale water deficits after wildfires create long-lasting ecological impacts[J]. United States Geological Survey,2020,15(4).
APA	O'.,Connor, Rory C..,Germino, Matthew J..,Barnard, David M..,Andrews, Caitlin M..,...&Shriver, Robert K..(2020).Small-scale water deficits after wildfires create long-lasting ecological impacts.ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS,15(4).
MLA	O',et al."Small-scale water deficits after wildfires create long-lasting ecological impacts".ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 15.4(2020).