干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): The spatial distribution of soluble salts in the surface soil of the Atacama Desert and their relationship to hyperaridity

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103077
	The spatial distribution of soluble salts in the surface soil of the Atacama Desert and their relationship to hyperaridity
	Voigt, Claudia 1; Klipsch, Swea 1; Herwartz, Daniel 1; Chong, Guillermo 2; Staubwasser, Michael 1
通讯作者	Voigt, Claudia
来源期刊	GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
ISSN	0921-8181
EISSN	1872-6364
出版年	2020
卷号	184
英文摘要	We systematically investigated the spatial distribution of sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates in Atacama Desert soils in order to identify their relationship to long-term aridity gradients and to secondary redistribution and phase transformation. Thin surface crusts, powdery surface material and subsurface concretions from up to 40 cm depth were sampled along several latitudinal transects between 19.5-25 degrees S and 68.5-70.5 degrees W. The samples were characterized by total soil chemical analysis (ICP-OES and spectrophotometric analysis) complemented by XRD and thermogravimetric analysis to determine contents of chloride, nitrate, and major elements along with gypsum and anhydrite abundance in Atacama Desert soils. Our results demonstrate that the spatial distribution of gypsum, anhydrite, halite, and nitrates in Atacama Desert soils is indeed linked to aridity gradients, but also sources, and secondary dissolution processes. Nitrates and chlorides are best preserved between 19 and 22 degrees S, which thus may constitute the long-term hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert. Remobilization within the soil is ubiquitous south of 22 degrees S, but generally also occurs on the debris fans prograding from the Precordillera into the Central Depression. A near-constant concentration ratio of Na/Cl = 0.83 - very similar to the sea water ratio - throughout the desert and concentration maxima within the reaches of coastal fog penetration below the altitude of 1200 m reveals that sea spray is the primary source of halite in Atacama Desert soils. Calcium sulfates dominate Atacama Desert soils. Deposition is primarily as gypsum, but anhydrite is abundant in the northern Central Depression between 19 and 22 degrees S. The apparent association of anhydrite with high concentrations of nitrate and chloride may point to a formation by dissolution and secondary reprecipitation from salt-concentrated fluids. The predominance of anhydrite in the Central Depression suggest geomorphology and water availability as additional factors remaining to be determined.
英文关键词	Atacama Desert Soil Chloride Nitrate Calcium sulfate Hyperaridity
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Germany ; Chile
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000508491500022
WOS关键词	ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION ; NITRATE DEPOSITS ; TARAPACA REGION ; NORTHERN CHILE ; CLIMATE-CHANGE ; HYPER-ARIDITY ; FORE-ARC ; ORIGIN ; ANHYDRITE ; GYPSUM
WOS类目	Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Physical Geography ; Geology
EI主题词	2020-01-01
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/312331
作者单位	1.Univ Cologne, Inst Geol & Mineral, Zulpicher Str 49b, D-50674 Cologne, Germany; 2.Univ Catolica Norte, Dept Ciencias Geol, Ave Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Voigt, Claudia,Klipsch, Swea,Herwartz, Daniel,et al. The spatial distribution of soluble salts in the surface soil of the Atacama Desert and their relationship to hyperaridity[J],2020,184.
APA	Voigt, Claudia,Klipsch, Swea,Herwartz, Daniel,Chong, Guillermo,&Staubwasser, Michael.(2020).The spatial distribution of soluble salts in the surface soil of the Atacama Desert and their relationship to hyperaridity.GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE,184.
MLA	Voigt, Claudia,et al."The spatial distribution of soluble salts in the surface soil of the Atacama Desert and their relationship to hyperaridity".GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE 184(2020).