干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Column design for groundwater hardness removal using cashew nut shells activated carbon with potential application in low-income communities

Arid

DOI	10.5004/dwt.2020.24857
	Column design for groundwater hardness removal using cashew nut shells activated carbon with potential application in low-income communities
	Mwakabole, Emmanuel C.; Rwiza, Mwemezi J.; Njau, Karoli N.
通讯作者	Rwiza, Mwemezi J.
来源期刊	DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
ISSN	1944-3994
EISSN	1944-3986
出版年	2020
卷号	174 页码:196-203
英文摘要	In the present study, design parameters for a filter to remove groundwater hardness were investigated. Water hardness has a significant impact on groundwater, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, leading to wasted investments in borehole drilling and worsening accessibility to potable water. In many developing countries, groundwater is the main source of drinking water. In this study, low cost and readily available cashew nut shells activated carbons (CNSAC) were used to remove hardness from groundwater in a column setting. The recommended design parameters for the packed-bed column were as follows: area (A) of 265.0 cm(2) and diameter (d) of 18.4 cm, at a flow rate (Q) of 75.0 cm(3) min(-1). For the field hard water at a flow rate of 2.0 mL min(-1), the recommended empty bed contact time was 70.7 min whereas the breakthrough time was about 430.0 min. Also for field hard water, the results showed that competing ions in the groundwater lowered the materials adsorption capacity. Results from this study indicated that CNSAC may be used to adequately remove groundwater hardness. Using these results, a filter was designed. The designed water hardness filter, which will be scaled up for point-of-use applications, may provide the much-needed solution to many people in most developing countries where similar field conditions prevail.
英文关键词	Activated carbon Cashew nut shells Column design Groundwater Hardness removal Water filter
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Tanzania
收录类别	SCI-E ; SSCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000504459800022
WOS关键词	DRINKING-WATER ; ADSORPTION ; KINETICS
WOS类目	Engineering, Chemical ; Water Resources
WOS研究方向	Engineering ; Water Resources
EI主题词	2020-01-01
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/312172
作者单位	Nelson Mandela African Inst Sci & Technol NM AIST, Sch Mat Energy Water & Environm Sci MEWES, POB 447, Arusha, Tanzania
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mwakabole, Emmanuel C.,Rwiza, Mwemezi J.,Njau, Karoli N.. Column design for groundwater hardness removal using cashew nut shells activated carbon with potential application in low-income communities[J],2020,174:196-203.
APA	Mwakabole, Emmanuel C.,Rwiza, Mwemezi J.,&Njau, Karoli N..(2020).Column design for groundwater hardness removal using cashew nut shells activated carbon with potential application in low-income communities.DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT,174,196-203.
MLA	Mwakabole, Emmanuel C.,et al."Column design for groundwater hardness removal using cashew nut shells activated carbon with potential application in low-income communities".DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 174(2020):196-203.