干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Grazing-Induced Changes to Biological Soil Crust Cover Mediate Hillslope Erosion in Long-Term Exclosure Experiment

Arid

DOI	10.1016/j.rama.2019.08.007
	Grazing-Induced Changes to Biological Soil Crust Cover Mediate Hillslope Erosion in Long-Term Exclosure Experiment
	Fick, Stephen E.1,2; Belnap, Jayne2 ; Duniway, Michael C.2
通讯作者	Fick, Stephen E.
来源期刊	RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
ISSN	1550-7424
EISSN	1551-5028
出版年	2020
卷号	73 期号:1 页码:61-72
英文摘要	Dryland ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to erosion generated by livestock grazing. Quantifying this risk across a variety of landscape settings is essential for successful adaptive management, particularly in light of a changing climate. In the Upper Colorado River Basin, there are nearly 25 000 km(2) of rangelands with underlying soils derived from Mancos Shale, an erodible and saline geologic parent material. Salinity is a major concern within the Colorado River watershed, much of which is attributed to runoff and leaching from Mancos Shale deposits. In a 60-yr paired-watershed experiment in western Colorado, we used silt fences to measure differences in saline hillslope erosion, including both total sediment yield and concentrations of primary saline constituents (Na and Se), in watersheds that were either exposed to grazing or where livestock was excluded. After accounting for the strong effects of soil type, slope, and antecedent precipitation, we found that grazing increased sediment loss byz50% across our 8-yr time series (0.1-1.5 tn ha(-1)), consistent with levels reported at the watershed scale in early published work from studies at the same location. Eroded sediment Se levels were low and unaffected by grazing history, but Na concentrations were significantly reduced on grazed hillslopes, likely due to depletion of surface Na in soils exposed to chronic soil disturbance by livestock. Variable selection and path analysis identified that biological soil crust (BSC) cover, more than any other variable, explained the differences in sediment yields between grazed and ungrazed watersheds, partially through the enhancement of soil aggregate stability. Our results suggest that BSC cover should be granted heightened consideration in rangeland decision support tools (e.g., state-and-transition models) and that measures to reduce surface disturbance from livestock such as altering the timing or intensity of grazing may be effective for reducing downstream impacts. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Society for Range Management.
英文关键词	Badger Wash ecological states paired watershed experiment salt desert salinity Upper Colorado River Basin
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	USA
开放获取类型	Bronze
收录类别	SCI-E
WOS记录号	WOS:000504332700006
WOS关键词	MANCOS SHALE FORMATION ; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION ; COLORADO PLATEAU ; AGGREGATE STABILITY ; INFILTRATION RATES ; CLIMATE-CHANGE ; UNITED-STATES ; VEGETATION ; RANGELANDS ; IMPACTS
WOS类目	Ecology ; Environmental Sciences
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
EI主题词	2020-01-01
来源机构	United States Geological Survey
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/312056
作者单位	1.Univ Colorado, Dept Evolutionary Ecol & Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; 2.US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Fick, Stephen E.,Belnap, Jayne,Duniway, Michael C.. Grazing-Induced Changes to Biological Soil Crust Cover Mediate Hillslope Erosion in Long-Term Exclosure Experiment[J]. United States Geological Survey,2020,73(1):61-72.
APA	Fick, Stephen E.,Belnap, Jayne,&Duniway, Michael C..(2020).Grazing-Induced Changes to Biological Soil Crust Cover Mediate Hillslope Erosion in Long-Term Exclosure Experiment.RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT,73(1),61-72.
MLA	Fick, Stephen E.,et al."Grazing-Induced Changes to Biological Soil Crust Cover Mediate Hillslope Erosion in Long-Term Exclosure Experiment".RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT 73.1(2020):61-72.