干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Open-air preservation of miniaturised lithics: experimental research in the Cederberg Mountains, southern Africa

Arid

DOI	10.1007/s12520-018-0617-7
	Open-air preservation of miniaturised lithics: experimental research in the Cederberg Mountains, southern Africa
	Phillips, Natasha 1,2; Pargeter, Justin 3,4,5; Low, Marika 1,2; Mackay, Alex 1,2
通讯作者	Phillips, Natasha
来源期刊	ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ISSN	1866-9557
EISSN	1866-9565
出版年	2019
卷号	11 期号:11 页码:5851-5877
英文摘要	Open-air archaeology plays a limited role in southern African Late Pleistocene research, with most studies focused on rock shelter assemblages. Recently, archaeologists have noted discrepancies in the composition of Late Pleistocene lithic assemblages between some of the region's open-air and rock shelter sites. For example, although relatively abundant in rock shelters, Late Pleistocene Later Stone Age (LSA, c. 44-12 kcal. BP) bipolar cores are rare in open-air contexts. In this paper, we assess this discrepancy by testing for differential preservation of specific artefact classes and sizes in semi-arid open-air conditions. We placed a replicated assemblage of miniaturised cores and flakes on an archaeologically sterile sediment surface in the Doring River Valley (South Africa) and recorded their movements over 22 months. Our results indicate that bipolar and freehand cores moved comparable distances within the study interval and that surface slope is the strongest predictor of miniaturised tool movement. We also show that (1) relatively flat lithics move disproportionately more and (2) random artefact orientations do not preclude local (i.e. metre) scale artefact transport. In terms of the archaeology of our study area, the observed clustering of surface artefacts on sediment bodies likely results from their recent exposure. Our data suggest that the paucity of open-air bipolar artefacts in Late Pleistocene LSA assemblages may have more to do with human behavioural variability at landscape scales than differential preservation. Southern Africa's rich rock shelter record is, therefore, unlikely to represent the full suite of prehistoric hunter-gatherer behaviours.
英文关键词	Open-air surface archaeology Formation processes Late Pleistocene Later Stone Age Lithic miniaturisation Orientations Experimental archaeology GIS R statistical platform
类型	Article
语种	英语
国家	Australia ; South Africa ; USA
开放获取类型	Green Submitted
收录类别	SCI-E ; SSCI ; AHCI
WOS记录号	WOS:000498488600002
WOS关键词	MIDDLE STONE-AGE ; LATE PLEISTOCENE ARCHAEOLOGY ; WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE ; ROCK SHELTER ; GEOMORPHIC CONTROLS ; HOWIESONS POORT ; SITE STRUCTURE ; ARTIFACT SIZE ; ELANDS BAY ; STILL BAY
WOS类目	Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS研究方向	Anthropology ; Archaeology ; Geology
EI主题词	2019-11-01
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/310509
作者单位	1.Univ Wollongong, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Ctr Archaeol Sci, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; 2.Univ Cape Town, Dept Archaeol, Beattie Bldg,3rd Floor,Univ Ave,Upper Campus, Rondebosch, South Africa; 3.Emory Univ, Ctr Anthropol Res, Dept Anthropol, 1557 Dickey Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA; 4.Univ Johannesburg, Ctr Anthropol Res, Auckland Pk,GP 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa; 5.Univ Johannesburg, Dept Anthropol & Dev Studies, Auckland Pk,GP 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Phillips, Natasha,Pargeter, Justin,Low, Marika,et al. Open-air preservation of miniaturised lithics: experimental research in the Cederberg Mountains, southern Africa[J],2019,11(11):5851-5877.
APA	Phillips, Natasha,Pargeter, Justin,Low, Marika,&Mackay, Alex.(2019).Open-air preservation of miniaturised lithics: experimental research in the Cederberg Mountains, southern Africa.ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES,11(11),5851-5877.
MLA	Phillips, Natasha,et al."Open-air preservation of miniaturised lithics: experimental research in the Cederberg Mountains, southern Africa".ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES 11.11(2019):5851-5877.