干旱区生态环境知识资源中心

Cellular networks may suffer from outage due to overload from user demands or from man made or natural disasters. And so, researchers have been considering alternative scenarios for maintaining connectivity during such outage. Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and Device-to-Device (D2D) communication are two of the main technologies considered. Such ideas are usually implemented in places with no infrastructure such as in oceans, forests, and deserts. However, they can also be used during network outage. This paper proposes a low cost wireless communications solution that enables users to make voice calls in uncovered areas or in the case of a disaster. A mobile App was designed to enables voice calls and to test the performance of the call using cellular networks, VOIP, or D2D communications. Moreover, the transmission delay of the D2D solution is experimentally calculated and a recommendation of the most suitable technology is highlighted based on the obtained results.