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The component soil moisture within one mixed-pixel is important for predicting soil moisture contents in eco-hydrological research in arid and semi-arid regions. The multi-angular observations of passive microwave remote sensing provide the possibility to derive mixed-pixel component soil moisture. In this study, a field experiment was carried out using a truck-mounted multi-frequency microwave radiometer (TMMR). Because on the difference of radiative characteristics in parallel-to-row and perpendicular-to row directions, an algorithm for estimating the component soil moisture within a footprint was developed. Taking the row-structure effect into consideration, the component soil moisture could be estimated based on the tau-omega model. It has shown that the RMSE decreased when comparing the component soil moisture with the corresponding soil moisture measurements in bare surface.