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Vegetation dynamics are very sensitive to climate change, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. In this paper, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were used to evaluate vegetation coverage area in Altay Prefecture during the 2000 to 2015. Furthermore, the patterns of tempo-spatial variations in vegetation coverage were analysed. The vegetation coverage area significantly changed in the past 16 years and the average percentage of vegetation was 35.72%. The results also indicated that the trend of vegetation cover had obvious discrepancy in various altitude ranges.