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One of the tools for management of balanced development of rural areas is spatial planning - a kind of activity regarding to organization of use and protection of land at the national, regional and local level. The issues of conservation and restoration of natural resources in rural areas are extremely relevant for Ukraine. Main environmental problems in rural areas are - degradation of agricultural land, loss of biodiversity and pollution of land, overground and underground water. In recent years a new environmental problem has emerged desertification. The aim of the article is to investigate the possibilities of land use planning at regional and local level in order to improve the ecological situation in rural areas of Ukraine. To achieve the goal, scientific approaches and methods are used - system approach, system-analytical method, method of correlation-regression analysis, abstract-logical method, etc. Investigating the existing system of territorial planning of Ukraine, there is determined discrepancy between the tasks of urban planning and land management in the sphere of solving environmental issues of land use. Also a negative trend in land conservation measures is noticed there, while the land degradation in the form of soil erosion is significant and widely distributed in the country. To solve the environmental problems of land use, it is proposed to introduce landscape planning as an important part of integrated management of land use in rural areas. There are described the stages of implementation of landscape planning. It is proposed to develop a landscape program and a framework landscape plan at the regional level, and a landscape plan at the local level. In general, landscape planning should be interlinked with spatial planning as a basis for solving issues of conservation and restoration of natural landscapes, formation of cultural landscapes and management of landscapes.