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Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is often affected by climate change and anthropogenic activity. In this study, permafrost surface deformation is detected by time series InSAR method using high resolution TerraSAR-X images. In particularly, a sinusoidal function model is adopted in the parameter retrieving step for seasonal deformation extraction. The backscattering (sigma degrees) of the main ground target types, such as alpine meadow, gross desert, mountainous slope, and railway, have been extracted. The evolutions of deformation and sigma degrees of the main typical ground targets have been analyzed. Experimental result shows that sigma degrees in alpine meadow areas increases about 10 dB from thawing season to frozen season. Experimental result shows that most area undergoes obvious displacement with the range from -15 mm/year to 15 mm/year.