Arid
DOI10.2495/WRM150131
Managing Central Asia's transboundary rivers: case studies of the Zarafshan (Tajikistan/Uzbekistan) and Tarim (Kyrgyzstan/China) rivers
Groll, M.1; Opp, C.1; Kulmatov, R.2; Sun, Z.3; Normatov, I.4; Bernardi, A.1; Ikramova, M.5; Stulina, G.6
通讯作者Groll, M.
会议名称8th International Conference on Sustainable Water Resources Management
会议日期JUN 15-17, 2015
会议地点A Coruna, SPAIN
英文摘要

Many Central Asian river basins are transboundary and characterized by a combination of extensive irrigation farming and an arid climate in the lower catchments. Both aspects - the transboundary character with different national water management plans and the overexploitation of the limited water resources lead to environmental, socio-economic and political problems which require - in the light of growing economies and the climate change - immediate solutions. Based on extensive field work and database evaluation (meteorological, hydrological and statistical data) from the Zarafshan River (Tajikistan/Uzbekistan) and the Tarim River (Kyrgyzstan/China), the status quo of the water resources is assessed and scenarios for the impacts of climate change on the water availability and water use are outlined. The results show that the extensive withdrawal of water for irrigation farming (with cotton being the most important crop) and the discharge of agricultural drainage water lead to severe water stress in the downstream parts of both catchments. The water deficit is so high that both rivers do not reach their tributaries (Amu-Darya and Lop Nor/Taitema Lake) any more. In the lower Zarafshan River (inter) national thresholds for several pollutants are exceeded permanently, while in the lower Tarim River the falling groundwater level is leading to the deterioration of the valuable Tugai forests. And while short-term measures, like the water transfer from the Boston Lake to the lower Tarim, can relieve some of the pressure, the ongoing climate change and socio-economic growth in both catchments require a more integrated, sustainable management approach. The rapidly shrinking glaciers in the headwater regions (-50% until 2050) and the drastic rise of the air temperature (and thus the evapotranspiration) will increase the annual water deficit (e.g. in the Zarafshan River catchment from currently 1.6 km(3) to up to 5.8 km(3)), making a more efficient (re-)use of water a necessity.


英文关键词Central Asia transboundary rivers IWRM irrigation water quality water withdrawal climate change
来源出版物WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT VIII
ISSN1743-3541
出版年2015
卷号196
页码149-160
ISBN978-1-84564-960-9
EISBN978-1-84564-961-6
出版者WIT PRESS
类型Proceedings Paper
语种英语
国家Germany;Uzbekistan;Peoples R China;Tajikistan
收录类别CPCI-S
WOS记录号WOS:000466839000013
WOS关键词CLIMATE-CHANGE ; RUNOFF ; BASIN ; CHINA
WOS类目Water Resources
WOS研究方向Water Resources
资源类型会议论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/304206
作者单位1.Univ Marburg, Fac Geog, Marburg, Germany;
2.Natl Univ Uzbekistan, Dept Appl Ecol, Tashkent, Uzbekistan;
3.Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, Beijing, Peoples R China;
4.Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISIS, Dushanbe, Tajikistan;
5.Cent Asian Sci Res Inst Irrigat SANIIRI, Tashkent, Uzbekistan;
6.Interstate Coordinat Water Commiss Cent Asia SIC, Sci Informat Ctr, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
Groll, M.,Opp, C.,Kulmatov, R.,et al. Managing Central Asia's transboundary rivers: case studies of the Zarafshan (Tajikistan/Uzbekistan) and Tarim (Kyrgyzstan/China) rivers[C]:WIT PRESS,2015:149-160.
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