干旱区生态环境知识资源中心

The date palm is the essential component of eco-systems, pre-Saharan and Saharan countries of North Africa. After listing the different types of enemies of the palm in the world and those threatening the oases of the Maghreb, the author reported that the palm sanitary problems in this area are classified as major constraints of the date palm sector development. The Bayoud, palm vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis, is undoubtedly the most destructive disease and most threatening in the Maghreb countries. The diversity of situations in these countries impose a variety of strategies to control this the disease. The author has done an analysis and synthesis of research work conducted on the Bayoud in these countries (distribution, disease identification, morphological, cultural, biological and molecular characteristics, host-parasite relationships, techniques of in vitro culture of palm) and research achievements in fundamental and applied levels. Major issues remain unsolved including the precise mapping of disease foci in contaminated countries, the diagnostic reliability in the country still free knowing, a single origin or multiple origins of the disease? Finally, the author has proposed different control strategies and research in different situations in the Maghreb countries and concluded by the need to promote the integration of Magherban force in order to control the Bayoud disease.