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Sequestered carbon by afforestation should be evaluated according to the methodology decided by UNFCCC. In this study, according to this methodology, estimation results of carbon mitigation potential of arid land afforestation in Western Australia were reported. This study consist of tree census of afforestation sites and natural vegetation, exploration of appropriate afforestation candidate area using satellite image analysis and calculation of carbon mitigation potential. Evaluated sequestered carbon amount was compared to the total CO2 emission of Japan and Australia.