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A high-resolution pollen-based bioclimatic reconstruction from Valikhanov section in Kazakhstan, supported by 6 AMS dates reveals vegetation and climate change history during last glaciations and Holocene. The vegetation probably was Artemisia arid steppe during similar to 28,000 - similar to 18,000 14C yr BP., then turned to be Artemisia steppe during similar to 18,000 - similar to 10,000 14C yr BP, an Atermisia-Chenopodiaceae desert steppe during similar to 10,000 - similar to 5,000 14C yr BP and a Chenopodiaceae-Artemisia steppe after similar to 5,000 14C yr BP in this region. Climate is cold and slightly wet during 28,000-10,000 14C yr BP., dry and mild during 10,000-5,000 14C yr BP., wet after similar to 5,000 14C yr BP in this region. Climate in the Central Asian domain was constantly wetter than that in the East Asian domain during MIS2. The Central Asian domain experienced a wetter climate in late Holocene whereas the East Asian domain expereinced a wetter climate in early Holocene. Climate in the Central Asian domain was constantly wetter than that in the East Asian domain during MIS2. The Central Asian domain experienced a wetter climate in late Holocene whereas the East Asian domain expereinced a wetter climate in early Holocene.