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Among the landscape systems threatened by the desertification processes there are wide portions of Mediterranean coast, including some of the most important wine production areas. Furthermore, higher risks can be raised where intensive touristic fruition is present. Here the loss of coastal agricultural land can be due to both natural and artificial factors, like coast erosion and floating or urban expansion. In the Sardinian region, one of the most vocated viticultural regions in Italy, particularly in danger for environment diversity loss are the north-occidental and southern coastal lands. The research has focused on a systemic characterization of the viticultural models in the north-eastern, western and south-western coastal land. The relationship of vineyards with the landscape ecomosaic, the complexity of the cropping ecosystem, the physical characters of the environment, grape and wine quality have been analysed. Coastal vineyards have shown a particular biological value, owing to the uniqueness of plant material, and a particular ecological meaning. In order to prevent erosion of low-lying coastal areas a key role is played by contiguous micro-vineyards in which frequently traditional and sustainable agronomic techniques are adopted. The high quality of grapes and derived enological products justify the interest in maintaining such cultivated environment and the opportunity of restoring residual or abandoned vineyard, particularly in those territories where high potential lands for agriculture and areas under high urban pressure meet together.