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Cultivated C. acuminata was distributed widely in arid area belonging to middle part of China where plant medicinal material industrials were highly developed due to limited wild resources. It was showed that drought situation could result in rapid decrease of leaf RWC lower than 50% after 6 hours of treatment and exerted adverse effects on growth and development of C. acuminata seedlings. In this paper, proteomics was used to investigate protein changes and their ecological adaptation to desiccation with the treatment of 15% PEG(8000) solute to one-year C. acuminata seedlings. 2-DE was adopted to reflect total protein changes after 0 and 30 min, 3h and 5h of treatment and the different expressing blots was identified using PMF attempting to demonstrate damage mechanism of desiccation to plants and ecologically adapting. The results showed that the degradation of Rubisco large subunit (Rubisco LSU) occurred and HSP70 was implicated in the modulation process within 5 h treatment.